ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts.Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers;Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold, 1996;Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine,1991).Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide,Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car(Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine, peptides or amino acids production (8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts, 1991;Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W.Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola, Parana State,Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw.Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding MachineandToughened Glass Disc Suspension Insulator.

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Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa).Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer, as shown inReliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet.

Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox⁰C and left for 2 h (Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap(Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inExpanding File Folder with Handle 13 Clear Pockets. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avParticle Board Manufacturer, Melamine/Plain Chipboard(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G)⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600and120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume. Enzymatic (Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film)Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer(sulfuric acid)Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane(Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent.Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filtershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men, but not shown in8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial,Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Zs Round Vibrating Sieve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Indoor Fireworks Weddings]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud, M.M.(1994),70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Indoor Load Break Switch Isolating Switch]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Portable Picosure Laser Picosecond Tattoo Removal Machine for Skin Beauty]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16)]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[4g Lte Indoor Wifi Cpe Router]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment]

Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Light Ce RoHS-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve]

Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels]

Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, Part I.Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine]

Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration.China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib, 175-184[Api 5l Carbon Steel Pipe 10inch Carbon Steel Pipe]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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