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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer
ABSTRACT
China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Customized Wire Harness for Various Application.Cheap CNC Spindle Peeling Lathe for Steel Bar. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements;3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV, E-Cars with Grade a; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, 1996;Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Quality Automatic High Speed Iron Wire Nail Concrete Steel Nail Forming Machine/Coil Nail Machine and Nail Thread Rolling Machine/Nail Twisting Machine,1991).New Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedes,New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Additives(Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Beautiful Smile Cleaning and Whitening Teeth Private Logo Whitening Foam Toothpaste, peptides or amino acids production (Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, 1991;2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating.High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
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Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt).New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Round Panoramic Lift, Glass Observation Passenger Elevator, as shown inNew Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara.
Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale0C and left for 2 h (Paintcolor Brand Spray Booth Leading Manufacturer of Paint Spray Chamber for Over 15 Years with Highest Quality Standards). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge(Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in105mm V Grooved Saw Blade for Porcelain Granite Stone Hard Tile. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavThree Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Metal Polishing DiscandFashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man. Enzymatic (Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting)Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated(sulfuric acid)Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail(Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1. Container House for Clinic or Hospitalshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty, but not shown inDental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry,Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter,1996).
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Competitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete AdmixtureandCr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Testershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash.Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in24 Hours Self-Service Water ATM Machine Automatic RO Water Vending Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124,Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box) (Reis et al.,1989;Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit.,1991;Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control.,1991).Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring.
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CONCLUSIONS
STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Round Rope/Round Wire Printing Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie, M.M.(1994),High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Quality]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Jar Pet Stretch Blow Molding Making Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Rubber Vulcanizing Moulding Press/Column Type Rubber Curing Press/PLC Control Rubber Vulcanizing Press]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth]
Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007]
Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston]
Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat, Part I.Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder]
High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED.H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits, 175-184[Water Electromagnetic Flow Meter Converter with Factory Price]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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