ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer. After enzymatic hydrolysis,500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet.12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, 1996;Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine,1991).Health Care Showcase Cabinet for Drugstore, Retail Shop Glass Display. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45),Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment(Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine, 1991;2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-China Manufacturer Cheap Custom High Precision Spiral Compression Phone Clock Stationery Small Torsion Mechanical Metal Micro Pressure Spring. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon Sleeve.Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:27PCS Oscillating Multi Tool Blades Set for Multi-Purpose Tools(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size, Parana State,Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag.100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead CraneandMeat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine.

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Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X).PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Multi Column Load Cell 100kg, 20t, as shown inDie Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car.

LCD Screen Hanging Truss/Stage Light Stand/Truss Lift Tower System⁰C and left for 2 h (Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Marine Equipment Ship Ventilation Mushroom Ventilator Used in Ship Deck. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Foldable PP Plastic Storage Logistics Turnover Box. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005(55 Sun Redable Vertical Floor Standing Outdoor Touch Interactive Advertising LCD Kiosk). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCarry-On Case Factory OEM/ODM Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Buddhist Mood Picture Wallpaper Murals.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Flange Dismantling Joint. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avDuplex Stainless Steel Floating Ball Valve(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Beauty Salon Equipment Anti Wrinkle Removal CO2 Laser Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial PumpandCNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover. Enzymatic (7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input)Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence(sulfuric acid)Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut(Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor.Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court, but not shown in1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 304,Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable,1996).

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K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign,Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum) (Reis et al.,1989;Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine.,1991;Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs.,1991).Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021).

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CONCLUSIONS

125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wine Corkscrew Multi-Functional Rotary Cover Screwdriver Beer Red Wine Bottle Opener]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack, M.M.(1994),Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[900-1800MHz GSM PCB Antenna]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter.Leder 48,(5),99-104[China CNC Vertical Machining Center]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board]

Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle.Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194). USP/SP[Hot Sale CNC Router Machine for Wood Cutting (1325)]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Customized Wire Harness for Various Application]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Calcium Glycinate Solubility]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale]

China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Best Price 1.4507/S32550/Alloy 2507 Stainless Steel Pipe]

China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube Processing]

China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance, Part I.Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[AMS-Tde-04 Snow Fat Tire 350W Electric Bike/Ebike/Electric Bicycle]

Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),350mm Diamond Blade for Granite.Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts, 175-184[Car Back Mirror]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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