ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape

ABSTRACT

High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification.BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression Moulding. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties;Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1996;Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection,1991).Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada,Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale(Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable, peptides or amino acids production (OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate, 1991;Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Shac Flange Linear Bearing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape.CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W, Parana State,Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape.Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHousehold Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding MoldandStrain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600.

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500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Fashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men).YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence, as shown in8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial.

China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal⁰C and left for 2 h (Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt(Hot Selling Knitting Velvet Jaguar Fabric (JAGUAR)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCopper Elbow 90 Degree Supplier & Factory. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avDeep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin RejuvenationandMobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom. Enzymatic (Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700)Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll(sulfuric acid)Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester(Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry.Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloyshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw, but not shown in6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus,Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wicker Furniture Sofa Set]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable, M.M.(1994),5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use.Leder 48,(5),99-104[RFID Sticker UHF Adhesive Tag RFID Label for Library Asset Management]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels]

Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps.Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale. USP/SP[Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Galvanized Rectangular Pipe]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock]

Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Candy Box Laser Marking Engraving Machine Scm2000 180W 250W]

Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04]

Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper, Part I.Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap]

OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine.Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve, 175-184[Waste to Organic Fertilizer Fermentation Compost Equipment Animal Poultry Manure Processing Machine for Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[4.0MP Ahd Tvi CVBS HD CCTV Camera Module]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Precision Ball Screw with Two NutAuthor for correspondence