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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector


ABSTRACT

Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing. After enzymatic hydrolysis,1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light.The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, 1996;PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale,1991).Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration,Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall(Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), peptides or amino acids production (Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners, 1991;Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set.Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet, Parana State,Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector.Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow CapsulesandFashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls.

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5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine).Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale0C for 2 h. After this treatment,100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights, as shown in Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing.

Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 6660C and left for 2 h (Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag(China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavNew Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static GlovesandHigh Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna. Enzymatic (GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product)Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel(sulfuric acid)High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering(Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[8 Inch Two Wheel Electric Self Balancing Scooter]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25), M.M.(1994),Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts]

Heidemann, E.(1997),3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Maxdrill Rock Drilling Bit St68 115mm Bit]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[3D Foam Self Adhesive Wallpaper for Home Decoration Manufacturer]

2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box.High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop. USP/SP[Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Molybdenum Boride Powder]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[99% Hatching Rate Newest Design 48 Eggs Chicken Incubator (YZ8-48)]

Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller]

Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication]

Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design, Part I.High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane]

Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber.White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead, 175-184[Kra-14 VHF 148-174 MHz Antenna for Kenwood]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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