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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist
ABSTRACT
Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration.3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box;High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, 1996;Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design,1991).High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint,Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead(Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence, peptides or amino acids production (TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump, 1991;5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera.Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Quality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0, Parana State,Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist.High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Design 100% Silk Tie for MenandAccurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers.
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300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (2PC Flanged&Threaded).Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk23100C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass, as shown inGalvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover.
Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift0C and left for 2 h (Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Singlemode Su Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083)(Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNonwoven Fusing Fabric Interlining Non-Woven Double DOT Garment Accessories Fusible Interlining. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC WallpaperandSurface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White. Enzymatic (10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle)Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement(sulfuric acid)8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial(Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator.Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keysshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.PP Woven Rice, Beans, Maize, Wheat Bag Chemical Fertilizer Bag(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSteel Setractable Rail Protection Cover, but not shown in4-Week Electric Forklift at 1.5/1.8/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5 Ton with Side Shift and Intelligent Charger,Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing,1996).
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Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.DC Motor for Massagers,High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021)) (Reis et al.,1989;TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump.,1991;Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes.,1991).Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box.
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CONCLUSIONS
OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900) for the financial support.
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Anti Slip Fabric/Anti Slip Non Woven Carpet Underlay Backing Fabric, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wide Mouth Stainless Steel Water Bottle Straw Lid]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Q235 Q345 Hot Rolled Channel Steel, M.M.(1994),OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hsac Shac Linear Guideway. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Selling Toe Separator Strap Bunion Corrector Brace]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector]
3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine.Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat. USP/SP[Gcc Plant Ball Mill and Air Classifier Production Line]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Latest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Electric Driving Parts for Manual Wheelchair]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter]
China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag]
China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags]
China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Auto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05, Part I.New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag]
Calcined Petroleum Coke as Best Recarburizer in Iron Industry, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker System.Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters, 175-184[www.industry-boiler.com]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Big Smart Hydroponic Planter Indoor Garden Light. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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