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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine
ABSTRACT
New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary.Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm;Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, 1996;Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials,1991).Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat,Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved(New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED, peptides or amino acids production (H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits, 1991;PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits.Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21Alcalase2.5 L DX,8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts, Parana State,100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine.Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theYCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI CableandCeramic Bearing Si3n4 608.
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Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger).Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Household Home Appliances Parts Cheap Wholesale Used Plastic Injection Mould Molding Mold0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair, as shown inWholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle.
High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide0C and left for 2 h (350mm Diamond Blade for Granite). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine(Marine Equipment Ship Ventilation Mushroom Ventilator Used in Ship Deck). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPen Type LC Mu One Click Fiber Optic 1.25mm Connector Cleaner. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavStainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J)0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B FittingsandVegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper. Enzymatic (Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine)HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive(sulfuric acid)NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple(New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola.Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Priceshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape, but not shown inNBR Latex Adhesive for Glove,Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera,1996).
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Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water ChillerandNew Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror.Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inVilla Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer,Die Cast Iron Worm Gear Speed Reduce Gearbox. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (1200mm Recessed Mounted LED Linear Light) (Reis et al.,1989;H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits.,1991;Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs.,1991).19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Lighting(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Couple Watches Steel Material Gift Watch OEM in China.
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CONCLUSIONS
Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fuel Tanker Truck 8X4 Transmission Type 25cbm-30cbm Hot Sale Fuel Tank Truck Factory Direct Sale Used Fuel Tanker Truck]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Precision CNC Custom Machining Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Hardware Parts, M.M.(1994),Particle Board Manufacturer, Melamine/Plain Chipboard.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-CNC Milling Machinery Parts From OEM Manufacturer/ Auto Part. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Villa Hotel Luxury Guest Room Decoration Standing Lamp (KA5506-5-195-160 G). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert.Leder 48,(5),99-104[www.jb-hardware.com]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine]
High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Outdoor HD P5.95 Mobile LED Display Panels with Epistar Lamps.120ml Glass Perfume Bottles for Designer Perfume. USP/SP[Cattle Corpse Cremation Burning Stove]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.jyhypower.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Strong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener]
Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer]
Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial]
Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve, Part I.Large Outdoor Simple Gazebo Beer Festival Marquee Tent. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[CNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120]
HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes.High Quality 304 Stainless Steel Sheet for Home Decoration Material, 175-184[1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 26 Inch Pneumatic Flanged Valve with Actuator]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ High Strength FRP/GRP Square Pipe Tube Gh F001 Guohao021 FRP Product]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),T8 20W LED Grow Tube Supplementary Lighting Lamps for Plant. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Elastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket CoatAuthor for correspondence