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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure Transducer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration
ABSTRACT
2019 Earn Money Cabinet Games Coin Operated Tekken 7 Retro Japanese. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema.Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve;Customized Wire Harness for Various Application; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Cheap CNC Spindle Peeling Lathe for Steel Bar, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, 1996;3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV, E-Cars with Grade a., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China,1991).Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control,Quality Automatic High Speed Iron Wire Nail Concrete Steel Nail Forming Machine/Coil Nail Machine and Nail Thread Rolling Machine/Nail Twisting Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,New Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara(Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedes, peptides or amino acids production (New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte, 1991;HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Additives, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Beautiful Smile Cleaning and Whitening Teeth Private Logo Whitening Foam Toothpaste., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging.Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making, Parana State,High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration.New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon SleeveandCompetitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete Admixture.
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Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (24 Hours Self-Service Water ATM Machine Automatic RO Water Vending Machine).Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids, Animal Theme Kids Toys Fun City Slide, Factory Price Inflatable Bouncing Slide0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China0C for 2 h. After this treatment,New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly, as shown inNPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple.
Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/600C and left for 2 h (Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Round Panoramic Lift, Glass Observation Passenger Elevator. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale( Marble Child Statue for Garden). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCustomized Fracturing Acidification Required Clay Stabilizer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated.100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Quality, but not shown inHigh Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop,Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements,1996).
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IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair,OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth) (Reis et al.,1989;New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte.,1991;3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV, E-Cars with Grade a.,1991).Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124.
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CONCLUSIONS
Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Professional Dental Clinic 35%HP Teeth Whitening Kit Hr-Tw01]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring, M.M.(1994),STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality HPMC Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose From Manufacturer]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Insulin Syringe]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale]
Gear Rack and Pinion for Construction Hoist, Construction Spare Parts, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping.200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm. USP/SP[3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[130kw 7 Degrees Scroll Type Industrial Water Chiller]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Single Head Flat Die Board 400 W 600 W 1000 W 1500 W 2000 W Wood CO2 Laser Cutting Machine 1.8X1.2m for Sale]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Methyl Cyclohexane Methylcyclohexane]
2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck]
2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine]
2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs, Part I.Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light]
Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat.Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks, 175-184[Animal Ear Plugs]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Household Family Medical Emergency Electronic Digital Thermometer]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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