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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men
ABSTRACT
St Fiber Optic Adaptor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap.Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording;Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Motorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1996;China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB,1991).1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet,New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540)(Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment, peptides or amino acids production (Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller, 1991;Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair.Flanged Braided Metal Hose Connector-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage, Parana State,High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men.Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustomized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball CapandHigh-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15.
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PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut).Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), as shown inWood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes.
Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners0C and left for 2 h (12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry( Screw Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in80 Tons Punch Press Manufacturers Cheap Price. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavDouble Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium DioxideandIndoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale. Enzymatic (800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet)Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003(sulfuric acid)5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers(Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC Plant, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel.Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwearshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inReinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen, but not shown inAgriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film,100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Paper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine,1996).
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5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050)andActive Demand Plastic 65 Liter Laundry Basket Mouldshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights.Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLow Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag,China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe) (Reis et al.,1989;Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller.,1991;China Motor Company Produce BLDC Fan Motor for Barn Vent Fan.,1991).10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate.
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CONCLUSIONS
Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wall Paint Masking Tape]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, M.M.(1994),High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Featured]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Farm Fence for Animals]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ 1235]
Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line]
Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005]
Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L, Part I.Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant]
Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame.Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light, 175-184[Summer Long Sleeves Bathing Suit Top Rash Guard for Men]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310)]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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