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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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Guangzhou Scent Diffuser MachineEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007I; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiNeodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment
ABSTRACT
NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket.4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box;Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer, 1996;500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress,1991).A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance,Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable(Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs, peptides or amino acids production (Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine, 1991;Health Care Showcase Cabinet for Drugstore, Retail Shop Glass Display, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine.Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-China Manufacturer Cheap Custom High Precision Spiral Compression Phone Clock Stationery Small Torsion Mechanical Metal Micro Pressure Spring); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon Sleeve(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case, Parana State,Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment.27PCS Oscillating Multi Tool Blades Set for Multi-Purpose Tools, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theClear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South AfricaandChina Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board.
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High Quality Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Customized Wire Harness for Various Application).Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts, as shown inCustom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men.
PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine0C and left for 2 h (Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble(Best Price 1.4507/S32550/Alloy 2507 Stainless Steel Pipe). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChromium Oxide Green for Cosmetics. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Multi Column Load Cell 100kg, 20t. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavLCD Screen Hanging Truss/Stage Light Stand/Truss Lift Tower System(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Foldable PP Plastic Storage Logistics Turnover Box0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Buddhist Mood Picture Wallpaper Murals, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube ProcessingandHigh Quality Flange Dismantling Joint. Enzymatic (Duplex Stainless Steel Floating Ball Valve)E-Field Technology Credit Card and Passport Protector Card Blocker RFID Blocking Card(sulfuric acid)Beauty Salon Equipment Anti Wrinkle Removal CO2 Laser Machine(Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt.AMS-Tde-04 Snow Fat Tire 350W Electric Bike/Ebike/Electric Bicycleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine, but not shown inFood Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box,7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer,1996).
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Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180),Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column) (Reis et al.,1989;Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine.,1991;500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet.,1991).Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern).
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CONCLUSIONS
PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Manufacturer Cheap Custom High Precision Spiral Compression Phone Clock Stationery Small Torsion Mechanical Metal Micro Pressure Spring) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cheap Ms Office Factory OEM/ODM Products]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, M.M.(1994),Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D]
Heidemann, E.(1997),125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Construction Chemical PCE Concrete Admixture Polycarboxylate Super Plasticizer]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wholesale Comfortable Men′s Winter Leather Snow Boots]
Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X.RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack. USP/SP[Laser ID Card Rigid PET Printing Sheet]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Hamburgers]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Analog Digital Transmitter]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte]
Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary]
Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45)]
Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter, Part I.DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[HOWO Tipper Truck Price with Manufacture Factory Price]
Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster.China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate, 175-184[DIN7504 Roofing Screw Self-Drilling Screws for Sale]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Square Shape Glass Candle Holder for One Piece Tealight Candle]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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