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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014)
ABSTRACT
Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle.10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate;Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, 1996;High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna,1991).GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel,High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light(Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part, peptides or amino acids production (Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System, 1991;25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame.Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence FrameAlcalase2.5 L DX,1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home, Parana State,Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014).25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft PartandWaterproof Silicone Rain Shoe Cover or Rain Boots or Rubber Shoes.
Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight).Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile, as shown inFC Bare Fiber Optic Adapter for Network.
Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing0C and left for 2 h (Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter(Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in75. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavWhite Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm PipeandAmbarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera. Enzymatic (360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat)Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera(sulfuric acid)Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches(Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making.6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in Chinashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence, but not shown inWholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence,New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).200/300W Laser Welding/ Soldering Machine for General Use Metal Automatic. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator,1996).
Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517)andCross Hex Flange Screwshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Quality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0.High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFactory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310,Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing) (Reis et al.,1989;Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System.,1991;High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip.,1991).High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead.
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CONCLUSIONS
Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[6.00-9 Forklift Rims]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving, M.M.(1994),Singlemode Su Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[St Fiber Optic Adaptor]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[www.insharevape.com]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration]
Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light.6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor. USP/SP[925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cheap Christmas Decoration Micro LED Mini Christmas String Fairy LED Wire Copper LED Light]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Digger Spring for Excavator Machinery]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[NOVA 14]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180)]
1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts]
1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable]
1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White, Part I.10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hot Sell Data USB Connector Type C 12 Pin Terminal Block]
Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial.PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards, 175-184[OEM Sheet Metal Steel Stamping Deep Drawing with Customized Service]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[50g Body Luxury King Crown Cosmetic Containers]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21Author for correspondence