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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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Deep Drawn Metal StampingEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport CourtI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiFactory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block
ABSTRACT
Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl.3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25);Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, 1996;3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box,1991).High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile,Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes(Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design, peptides or amino acids production (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter, 1991;Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump.5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body CameraAlcalase2.5 L DX,360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Big Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, Parana State,1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block.400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLtmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for SaleandChina Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib.
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Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks).New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%200/300W Laser Welding/ Soldering Machine for General Use Metal Automatic0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Quality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-00C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608, as shown inHot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle.
Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk23100C and left for 2 h (Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead(Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFarm Buildings Custom-Made Production of Prefabricated Steel Structures. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavJqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083)0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materialsand40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light. Enzymatic (6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor)Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter(sulfuric acid)1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage(Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White.Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmittershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAnionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment, but not shown inOEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows,Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration,1996).
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Insulation Top Hung Aluminum Awning Window with Mosquito NetandMarine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tapeshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards.Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inMould Lifecycle: We Think About The Entire Life of The Mould.We Consider The Finishing, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.PP Woven Rice, Beans, Maize, Wheat Bag Chemical Fertilizer Bag(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine,New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive) (Reis et al.,1989;High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter.,1991;3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine.,1991).Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant.
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CONCLUSIONS
Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
DC Motor for Massagers, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Grocery Plastic Bag Corn Starch Bag HDPE Bag Automatic Sealing Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Making Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, M.M.(1994),Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Tk 4100]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Industrial P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid for 93%-99% Purity]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Grooved Quartz Plate Deep Processing]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Anti Slip Fabric/Anti Slip Non Woven Carpet Underlay Backing Fabric.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ammonium Chloride Suppliers/Manufacturers for Sale]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game]
50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Q235 Q345 Hot Rolled Channel Steel.OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price. USP/SP[10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ASTM 316 304 420 Stainless Steel Welded Pipe Coil Tube]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Hsac Shac Linear Guideway: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Water Resistant Pet Car Seat Cover]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Food Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or Cap]
Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator]
Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Professional Plastic Plating Makeup Brush Set]
Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine, Part I.Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Free Stand European Portfolio]
Latest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken.High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 175-184[Flexible Exhaust Pipe Auto Zone]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Auto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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