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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517)
ARTICLES
NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston
Professional Machining Parts for Machinery FieldEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball ValveI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiCross Hex Flange Screw
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom
ABSTRACT
Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll.Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv;Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, 1996;High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced,1991).Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3,China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box(Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz, peptides or amino acids production (Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator, 1991;Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 105ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle.Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial UseAlcalase2.5 L DX,Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price, Parana State,Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom.Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFactory Small Coil Compression Spring in High QualityandIndoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10).
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Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel).Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear, as shown inProfessional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch.
Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs0C and left for 2 h (Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board(Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, Mould.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Chinese Take-out Paper Food Boxes with Metal Wire Handle (GDNB-004), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Polyester Hunting Clothes Breathable Sniper Army Airsoft Uniform, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
St Fiber Optic Adaptorand55 Sun Redable Vertical Floor Standing Outdoor Touch Interactive Advertising LCD Kiosk. Enzymatic (AMS-Tde-04 Snow Fat Tire 350W Electric Bike/Ebike/Electric Bicycle)Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine(sulfuric acid)Toughened Glass Disc Suspension Insulator(Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter.T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Cardshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Customized Round Airless Lotion Pump Bottles for Skin Care Products(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration, but not shown in925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring,Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Professional Exporter of Wheat Flour Mill Plant (80t). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine,1996).
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Digger Spring for Excavator MachineryandSimilar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-ASTM 316 304 420 Stainless Steel Welded Pipe Coil Tube.Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet Box,KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Hot Sell Data USB Connector Type C 12 Pin Terminal Block) (Reis et al.,1989;Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator.,1991;High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17.,1991).Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda.
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CONCLUSIONS
Stainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Automatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Integral Drill Rod Hex22 for Mining Tools]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag, M.M.(1994),Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Sedimentation Clarifier with Lamella Plates]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Light Ce RoHS]
2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Turnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure Building.Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket. USP/SP[Best Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Tire Repair Strip]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Life Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[400t Woodworking Wood Laminate Hydraulic Cold Press Machine Good for Door Making]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Factory Direct Big Size of Industry Circulating Chiller -80c Ultra-Low Temp Cooler]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Acid Water Pulse Output Liquid Orifice Type Flow Meter]
Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Industrial Grade Nitrous Oxide for Hot Sales-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Gc3 Lead Screw Ball Screw with Double Nuts 6000mm Ball Screw for Overhead Crane]
Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine]
Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove, Part I.Food Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or Cap. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm)]
Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle.Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine, 175-184[1000000 Liter Lpg Pressurized Tanks]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas GeneratorAuthor for correspondence