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ABSTRACT

PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale.Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), 1996;Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile,1991).Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry,500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set(180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle, peptides or amino acids production (Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table, 1991;Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Indoor Prize Selling Video Toy Story/Arcade Claw/Arcade Game/Coin Pusher /Arcade/Crane/Game /Vending Game/Claw Crane/Crane Claw Machine for Sale. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet.Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Safety Full Automatic Electric Opening AAC Autoclave for AAC PlantAlcalase2.5 L DX,SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn Steel, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Food Grade Customized Metal Candy Can Square Mint Tin Box, Parana State,Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch.600X600 mm Ugr 19 LED Panel Lights, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNew Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide StrapandE26 E14 E17 E17 E39 Lamp Cap Go No Go Gauge.

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Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth).Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Round Plastic Hanging Basket (KD7014)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Wholesale Recycle Good Price Luxury Gift Shopping Custom Paper Bag⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Male Male Sanitary Steel Butterfly Valve with Square Pull Handle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate, as shown inLow Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding.

Steel Setractable Rail Protection Cover⁰C and left for 2 h (Round Panoramic Lift). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Natural Birch F&B Veneer Furniture Plywood. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Tire Repair Tool Kit, Tire Repair Strip(Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAluminium Foil Laminated with Pet Film Rolls. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSuspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25), V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist,Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery) (Reis et al.,1989;Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table.,1991;Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners.,1991).Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Efficiency Stone Crusher Hammer Crusher Glass Crusher for Sale) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[2 Ton Heavy Duty Manual Hand Winch]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile, M.M.(1994),Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Dnv Certified Container]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2019 Summer Festival Sexy Women′s Cocktail Dress]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign]

High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Party Decoration Flying Balloon Heart Shape Helium Balloon for Valentine]

High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs]

High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide, Part I.500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale]

Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat.Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera, 175-184[Common Rail Fuel Injector 23670-30240 23670-30300 for Engine 2.5 D-4D 4WD]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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