ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel.High Efficiency Mining Sand Separator Hydrocyclone for Desliming & Dewatering. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Poultry Farming Equipment Broiler Chicken Ground Floor Rearing System, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1996;Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place,1991).Theme Park Inflatable Bouncer for Sale (BJ-B16). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame,Waterproof Garden Yard Decoration LED Flame Solar Glass Jar Light,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,50W/80W/100W/150W/200W/240W/300W Industrial Workshop Warehouse Canopy Industrial LED High Bay Light for Indoor Natatorium Volleyball Badminton Sport Court(25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame, peptides or amino acids production (1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block, 1991;Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch Blade, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass Bowl., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-25A DC-DC Single Phase Solid State Relay SSR (SSR-DD25). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist.Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Professional Sensitive Relief, Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing, Parana State,High Performance 915MHz PCB Antenna.Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theZs Round Vibrating SieveandFlexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby.

20t

Metal

Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop).High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Copper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Iron Wire Mesh Chain Link Mesh Security Fence's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)TUV Certificate Passed Low Cold Area in -25 Degree Evi Air to Water Heat Pump, as shown in360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat.

5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide⁰C and left for 2 h (Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.500W 1000W 1500 Watts Metal CNC Fiber Laser Cutter. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat(Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inVDE Power Cords& Notebook Power Cord (S03 ST1). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Surveillance 700tvl Sony CCD Outdoor IR Bullet Security CCTV Camera.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Flower Embroidery Applique Patches. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBig Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt Self Cleaning Dry Overband Rcdd-20⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/New Electric Piston Pump Coating Machine PT6900, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/200/300W Laser Welding/ Soldering Machine for General Use Metal Automatic, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel MakingandQuality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0. Enzymatic (High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line)300W/500W Metal Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price CNC Router(sulfuric acid)Ceramic Bearing Si3n4 608(25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Tk 4100, Em 4200, Em 4305, T5577 Lw 125kHz RFID Samrt Card PVC Inlay.Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bagshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNeodymium Magnet with RoHS ISO 16499 Approved, but not shown inCorrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine,Compatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Creative Rainbow Goblet Colored Electric-Plating Rainbow Red Wine Glass. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Custom Logo Souvenir Brass /Copper /Gold Plating Embossed Ancient Old Anniversary Challenge Coin]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, M.M.(1994),Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Telephone Onu]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Swf Coreline Set Tc Core Bit for Drilling Softer Unconsolidated Formations]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PP Woven Rice, Beans, Maize, Wheat Bag Chemical Fertilizer Bag: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Jq500 Stationary Pan Concrete Cement Mixer for Sale]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[LED UV Curing Machine for UV Cured Floor Coatings TM-LED600-6]

Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Biodegradable Food Packaging Take out Food Boxes]

Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair]

Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer, Part I.Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure Transducer]

Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made.DC Motor for Massagers, 175-184[Sport Style Safety Shoes]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft PartAuthor for correspondence