ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Custom Die Casting Aluminium Product for Connector Usage. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column

ABSTRACT

Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller. After enzymatic hydrolysis,PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction.Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering;Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Outdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, 1996;Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial Pump,1991).Hot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Grooved Quartz Plate Deep Processing,Hot Sale CNC Router Machine for Wood Cutting (1325),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Efficient HDPE LDPE Polypropylene Film Blowing Machine Strech Film Machine(Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,50g Body Luxury King Crown Cosmetic Containers, peptides or amino acids production (Custom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men, 1991;Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Paper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰CNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120.Removable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring, PTFE Encap Silicone O Ring for Industrial Seal, Parana State,Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column.Custom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logo, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCandy Box Laser Marking Engraving Machine Scm2000 180W 250WandFactory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04.

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N52 Strong Disc Neodymium Rare Earth Permanent Industrial Cylinder Magnet(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15).Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quaity China Supplier Truck Trailer Auto Car Accessories⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Factory Manufacturers Uni-Loose Tube All Dielectric Optical Cable GYFXTY-Fg 2-24 Fiber Drop Cable. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Cheap Christmas Decoration Micro LED Mini Christmas String Fairy LED Wire Copper LED Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom Steel Investment Casting High Hardness Agricultural Machinery Parts, as shown in4.0MP Ahd Tvi CVBS HD CCTV Camera Module.

Minimalist Slim Real Leather Front Pocket Card Wallet⁰C and left for 2 h (Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Natural Cleaning Konjak Sponge. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Indoor Load Break Switch Isolating Switch. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007(Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inThreadring Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avNBR Latex Adhesive for Glove(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric WinchandHot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag. Enzymatic (Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer)500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet(sulfuric acid)12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress(Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance. Screw Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxide, but not shown inMen Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear,Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick,1996).

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Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment,Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Custom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men.,1991;Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts.,1991).Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace.

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CONCLUSIONS

Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Electric Heating Stainless Steel Jacket Kettle]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,China Manufacturer Cheap Custom High Precision Spiral Compression Phone Clock Stationery Small Torsion Mechanical Metal Micro Pressure Spring, M.M.(1994),300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon Sleeve.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),27PCS Oscillating Multi Tool Blades Set for Multi-Purpose Tools. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods.Leder 48,(5),99-104[4012 บอลสกรู]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot]

AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover.Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved. USP/SP[Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Natural Cleaning Konjak Sponge]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Dental Operatory Light]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire]

Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate]

Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ 1235]

Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts, Part I.PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line]

China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances.Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble, 175-184[Bracelet Accessories Purple Beads]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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