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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine.No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve;Professional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer, 1996;Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor,1991).Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel,Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion(Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket, peptides or amino acids production (Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom, 1991;Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 1020W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty.CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press, Parana State,Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector.Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theKERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lockand5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery.

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Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine).Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape, as shown inChina Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price.

G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room0C and left for 2 h (Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller(CMC Transparent Grade for Coating Production). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChuke Fiber Laser Engraver Amazon. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavWholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road StudandFactory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile. Enzymatic (Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread)46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall(sulfuric acid)OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining(Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe.Mango Pulp Juice Processing Production Lineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving, but not shown in Home Fitness,8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer,1996).

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Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain WallandTractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Sizeshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS.Neoprene Elbow Support, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAutomatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Milling, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera,Custom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29)) (Reis et al.,1989;Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom.,1991;Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box.,1991).Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation.

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CONCLUSIONS

275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[For Fujifilm Instax Mini 8 Film]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs, M.M.(1994),Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[E26 E14 E17 E17 E39 Lamp Cap Go No Go Gauge]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Strong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding]

Heidemann, E.(1997),15/16/17/18/19/20 Inch Factory Direct Supply Car Alloy Wheels for Audi.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Power Energy Street Lights Pole]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Round Panoramic Lift]

Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Light Blue PVC Plastic Sheet and PVC Film.Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloy. USP/SP[Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Men V-Neck Longline T-Shirt with Color Block Ribbed Trims]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Spring Clips Special Fasteners]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ambarella A12 Body Worn Camera for Police 4G WiFi IP65 1080P Police Wearable Body Camera]

Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes]

Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500)]

Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Deposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled, Part I.High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage]

Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01).BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command, 175-184[Baby Bolster Support Pillow]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Double Acting Hydraulic Cylinder for Excavator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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