ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine.16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double Seat, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film, 1996;High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane,1991).115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit,China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport(Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml, peptides or amino acids production (Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover, 1991;EAS Hard Tag EAS Tag Security Tag MIDI Dome (T012), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street Light., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP.Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid, Parana State,Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot.Air Purification Activated Alumina, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDiesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel GeneratorandModern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker.

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Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate).Resistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%FRP Pultruded Pipe or GRP Profile⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, as shown inCopper-Pressed V-Type Expansion Pipe Joint.

Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03)⁰C and left for 2 h (16X2 Stn Character LCD Display Module Digital Display COB Type Stn Blue Positive). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice(Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBullet Whiskey Golden Stones. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avWholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial.HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inGym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear, but not shown inYaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller,Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Price 4X6 Acrylic Magnetic Photo Frame) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Auto Manufacturer Replacement Car Air Filter]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button, M.M.(1994),Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production]

Heidemann, E.(1997),13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Buy Roofing Sheets Online]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Professional Manufacture Metal Medal Promotional Gift]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3D CNC High Density Foam Cutter Expandable Polystyrene Cutting Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Kh Popular Wafer Stick Making Machine Manufacturer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[New Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10]

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Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket]

Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen, Part I.Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration]

Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge.Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, 175-184[10ml 15ml Aluminum Glass Perfume Bottle Nice Price]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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