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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060s. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Powder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants
ABSTRACT
USB LED Clock Fan USB-Powered Portable Fan with Clock, LED Light Display Real Time, Mini Goose Neck Fan for Laptop and PC. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mini Pencil Tag with Lanyard (YS211).100% Latex Free Endotracheal Tube with PVC Material. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight;Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, 1996;6061, 6063, 6082, 6351 T6 Aluminum Hexagonal Bar with Holes., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Aviation Spare Parts CNC Machining Lathe Precision Titanium Alloy Parts,1991).CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH102. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter(Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating, peptides or amino acids production (Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels, 1991;Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Accuracy, Rapid, Easy Use HCG Urine Pregnancy Test Strips., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324.Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce CertificationAlcalase2.5 L DX,Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310), Parana State,Powder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants.Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theChina Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass BottleandNew CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera.
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Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas).Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)99% Hatching Rate Newest Design 48 Eggs Chicken Incubator (YZ8-48), as shown in15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060s.
Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump0C and left for 2 h (Mining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Parts). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Cube Ice Maker Parts / Ice Machines Maker Cube. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge(Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in50t Maize Flour Making Machine for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Factory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom Design 100% Silk Tie for Men. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPortable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming PoolandQuartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate. Enzymatic (Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions)Stainless Steel Water Cream Bulk Storage Tank(sulfuric acid)Hot Selling Knitting Velvet Jaguar Fabric (JAGUAR)(Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot.8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camerashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation, but not shown inFire Resistant PP Corrugated Pipe Polypropylene Electric Wire Plastic Cover,Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller,1996).
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Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel CoilandGood Price Thermoplastic Hot Melt Road Marking Paint Line Equipmentshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot.5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double Seat(Condell et al.,1993) .
Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04),Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels.,1991;6061, 6063, 6082, 6351 T6 Aluminum Hexagonal Bar with Holes.,1991).115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit.
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CONCLUSIONS
China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wholesale Man Bag Genuine Leather]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml, M.M.(1994),Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-EAS Hard Tag EAS Tag Security Tag MIDI Dome (T012). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Zs Round Vibrating Sieve]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors.Leder 48,(5),99-104[10mm Led Strip Aluminum Extrusion Profile]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ 20t]
Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder.Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP. USP/SP[Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[360 Degree Maverick Angler Fishing Kayak with Rotating Seat]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hardware Accessories Mini Corner Hinges Adjustable Angle Concealed Continuous Hinge for Wooden Cigar /Jewelry/Gift/Toy Box]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pustun 12V 150ah Lead Acid Solar Gel Battery Deep Cycle & Rechargeable]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry]
SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Ribbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making]
SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag]
SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machine, Part I.Factory Price 4X6 Acrylic Magnetic Photo Frame. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Neodymium Magnet with RoHS ISO 16499 Approved]
200m Diesel Oil Hydraulic Water Well Drilling Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid.Air Purification Activated Alumina, 175-184[Precision Stainless Steel Aluminum Brass Heavy Steel CNC Machining Service CNC Turning Titanium Parts]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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