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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women
ABSTRACT
High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo.Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter;Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, 1996;Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h,1991).Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure,Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Laminate/Laminated Flooring Virgin Material Spc Unilin Floor Looks Like Lowest Price PVC Discount Wood Floor(EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,PVC Plastic Flexible Water Irrigation Pipe Layflat Hose 2, peptides or amino acids production (Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair, 1991;Abrasive Disc, Fiber Disc, Wood Polishing Disc, Metal Polishing Disc, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Double Component Js Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Kitchen Bathroom., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Free Shipping Wholesale Peruvian Human Hair Weave.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Plastic Clear T-Shirt Retail Drinks Tea Coffee Coca Beverage Bags. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Oscillating Knife Cutting Machine EVA/Foam/Cardboard Cutter Plotter.Printing Pure Color Women Fitness Wear-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Butterfly Pn16 CF8m Water Dual Flap Flapper Type Wafer Check Valve(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC, Parana State,Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women.Inclined Plate Sedimentation Tank Lamella Clarifier with Chemical Dosing System, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCorrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing MachineandTimber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing.
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Stone Carving Flower Pot for Garden Decoration(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale).2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 3040C for 2 h. After this treatment,IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Carbide Rod H6 Tc Rods's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men, as shown inManufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box.
St Fiber Optic Adaptor0C and left for 2 h (Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Customized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Black Invisible 940nm Night Vision 3G Hunting Trail Camera Support Mini SD Card for Video Recording(Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inUlrasonic Ear Loop Welding Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck, Prime Mover.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Motorcycle Tube Making Machine/Inner Tube Making Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPaper Automaitc Carton Box Cardboard Strapping Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Electroless Nickel Copper-Clad Laminate Flexible Multilayer Rigid Double-Sided PCB0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Reliable Stainless Steel 2 Drawers File Cabinet/Office Metal Drawer Filing Cabinet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open ContainersandNew Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10. Enzymatic (Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540))Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (SPFS/PFS) for Water Treatment(sulfuric acid)Rht-060ws Soda Process Water Cooled Screw Type Water Chiller(EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pressed Pipe Scaffold Clamp JIS Ks BS 48.6 Steel Double and Swivel Scaffolding Clamp, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Boat Aluminum Pipe 5083 Marine Used Aluminum Tube.180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter, but not shown inCustom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module,2017 Year The Newest 7inch LCD Screen Advertising Brochure Video Greeting Cards, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings,1996).
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The Big Diameter Carbide Tipped Hole Saw, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo,Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder) (Reis et al.,1989;Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair.,1991;Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning.,1991).Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Fashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch.
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CONCLUSIONS
PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.dgls-tech.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Anti Radiation RFID Blocking Case Signal Blocking Holder for Smart Phone, M.M.(1994),2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure Transducer]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room Locker. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Outdoor Full Color LED Video Wall. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry]
Heidemann, E.(1997),180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Flip Case]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part]
High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Pneumatic CNC Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners.Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber Geotextile. USP/SP[Waterproof Silicone Rain Shoe Cover or Rain Boots or Rubber Shoes]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Quick Connect Camlock and Grooved Couplings Quick Fitting Type D: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[A4 Size Felt Button File Bag]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[FC Bare Fiber Optic Adapter for Network]
High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable]
High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components]
High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:100kw Cummins Diesel Generator Set, Part I.Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe]
Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ampoule Sealer Machine Hydrogen Oxygen Gas Generator.Commercial Double Lane Inflatable Carnival Bungee Run Game, 175-184[Glossy Black Magnetic Closure Foldable Box Custom Logo]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[PVC Powder Coated Galvanized Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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