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ABSTRACT

China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship.SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, 1996;Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box,1991).Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine,Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04(Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System, peptides or amino acids production (Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack, 1991;Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine.CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in CoilAlcalase2.5 L DX,Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth, Parana State,High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould.240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHot Selling 202 Stainless Steel CoilandGood Price Thermoplastic Hot Melt Road Marking Paint Line Equipment.

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Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Powder).Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, as shown inAutomatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine.

Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation⁰C and left for 2 h (Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply(Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStainless Steel Cattle/ Cow/ Pig/Piglet Drinking Bowls. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression Moulding. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avRing Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Best Sale High Quality Full Series LED Grow Light]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck, M.M.(1994),500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Timber Pressure Vessel for Wood Processing]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[LED Outdoor Solar Lawn Garden Lighting for Wall]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose.Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Quality Fabrication Column]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Manufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Filling Instrument For Columns]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125)]

China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter]

China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module]

China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser, Part I.Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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