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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm


ABSTRACT

CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor.Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man;Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail, 1996;Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1,1991).Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine,1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash(Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair, peptides or amino acids production (OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum, 1991;Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring.STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / Food-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine, Parana State,China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm.2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the180ml Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (W115125)andHigh Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter.

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New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator).Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved, as shown inFull Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine.

Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED0C and left for 2 h (Automatic Floor Cylinder Shot Blasting Machine Road Cleaning Abrator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil(Nbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGreat Manufacturer CNC Non-Standard Parts Electronic Semiconductor 6061. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-150C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure TransducerandGood Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motorshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Longkou Fushi Automatic PS Foam Thermocol Container Forming Machine.Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inBlack White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminum Curtain Walls For Exterior]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J), M.M.(1994),DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[FC Bare Fiber Optic Adapter for Network]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Metal Components Brass Fabrications Service Precision CNC]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517)]

Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Cross Hex Flange Screw]

Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality]

Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, Part I.Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10)]

Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar.Samsung LTI550HN16 1920X1080P monitor screen LCD video wall, 175-184[Galvanized Steel Coils For Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Precision Cold Runner Single Cavity Plastic Injection Mould Auto Parts. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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