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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Paintcolor Brand Spray Booth Leading Manufacturer of Paint Spray Chamber for Over 15 Years with Highest Quality Standards
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine
ABSTRACT
En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting.Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable;OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe, 1996;Shac Flange Linear Bearing., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price,1991).Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling,Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa(Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier, 1991;M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable.Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts, Parana State,Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine.Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Metal Polishing Discand Container House for Clinic or Hospital.
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Hot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry).Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Deep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve, as shown in300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon Sleeve.
Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector0C and left for 2 h (Competitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete Admixture). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll(Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFloating Shelf Bracket. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBlack White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
24 Hours Self-Service Water ATM Machine Automatic RO Water Vending MachineandSoundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks. Enzymatic (Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3)China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part(sulfuric acid)Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box(Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator.NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nippleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box, but not shown in Marble Child Statue for Garden,Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe,1996).
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100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/WineandHigh Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Qualityshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable.5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHigh Efficiency Indoor Dust Sweeper Floor Easy Flat Mop, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa(Condell et al.,1993) .
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High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use,Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier.,1991;Shac Flange Linear Bearing.,1991).Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors.
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CONCLUSIONS
Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Building Material HPMC Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper, M.M.(1994),Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Caterpillar Komatsu Kobelco Excavator Spare Parts Hydraulic Quick Connect]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Custom Zinc Cylindrical Helical Compression Spring]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder]
Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring.Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear. USP/SP[4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[1 Ton Toyo Type Manual Chain Block]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality HPMC Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose From Manufacturer]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China 4X8 Feet PVC Rigid Sheet for Industrial Use]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale]
Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank]
Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[130kw 7 Degrees Scroll Type Industrial Water Chiller]
Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board, Part I.UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, Mould. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat]
High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive.Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 175-184[Work Table]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Methyl Cyclohexane Methylcyclohexane]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sinotruk-HOWO 6X4 Tractor Truck]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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