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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input
ABSTRACT
Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut.Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor;Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996;Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern),1991).PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor,Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar(Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button, peptides or amino acids production (Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021), 1991;125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper.Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers, Parana State,7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input.304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machineand100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam.
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Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave).Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%350mm Diamond Blade for Granite0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Laser ID Card Rigid PET Printing Sheet's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Arrival Plush Animal Ride for Kids for Shopping Center, as shown inGreen Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber.
Professional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine0C and left for 2 h (Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus(500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMini Toggle Clamp. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, AAC Block Making Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%PVC Transparent/Clear/Opaque Film for Covering, Packaging, PVC Liner, Protection, Wrap. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavMultifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/New Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Green Color PVC Anti Dazzle Panel, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for StoneandISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator. Enzymatic (XL-21 Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet)Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter(sulfuric acid)Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price(Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
TUV Certificate High Quality Single Core PV1-F PV Solar Cables.Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproofshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Our Factories 20 Years′ Experience Direct Factory Prices Building Fasteners(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAd-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml, but not shown inHot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit,Cast Steel Dual Plate Wafer Check Valve, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Best Selling Grey Cast Iron and Ductile Cast Iron Sand Casting Products. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth,1996).
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CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould,Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics) (Reis et al.,1989;Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021).,1991;Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152.,1991).2019 Hot Sales Beauty Products Brush Egg Facial Blush Brush Makeup Brush(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Buttock Enhancement Injection Hyaluronic Acid Korea Dermal Filler 10ml&20ml.
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CONCLUSIONS
PVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panel. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Neodymium Magnet with RoHS ISO 16499 Approved, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wholesale 45HP Farm Tractor 4 Wheel Driven Garden Mini Tractor Showrooms]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wholesale Metal Hair Brushes Pet Dog Cat Comb for Removing Louse Flea Tick, M.M.(1994),Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Reinforcing Mesh Supplier /Reinforcing Concrete Welded Wire Mesh]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ etc Underground Metel Detector]
Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows.Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo. USP/SP[Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Double Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine]
Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration]
Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Plastic Flange Housing Ucf310-115 for Electric Hand Tools]
Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, Part I.EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Rock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline]
Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h.Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector, 175-184[Organic Fertilizer Classification and Liquid State Seaweed Composition Fertilizer]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-OAuthor for correspondence