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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor
ABSTRACT
Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed.Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile;Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, 1996;Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe,1991).Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera,WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS(OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Neoprene Elbow Support, peptides or amino acids production (Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules, 1991;CNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Milling, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Custom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation.275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School ChairsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Strong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
15/16/17/18/19/20 Inch Factory Direct Supply Car Alloy Wheels for Audi, Parana State,Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor.Light Blue PVC Plastic Sheet and PVC Film, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100WandFood Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or Cap.
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Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloy(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Professional Plastic Plating Makeup Brush Set).Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Deposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards, as shown in Free Stand European Portfolio.
Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01)0C and left for 2 h (PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Professional Customization Screen Printing Machine for Porous Ceramic(ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTitanium Nitride Coating Equipment. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Fea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extender.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSquare Shape Glass Candle Holder for One Piece Tealight Candle(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Medical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocar0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Hot Sale Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Cubic Zircon JewelryandMen V-Neck Longline T-Shirt with Color Block Ribbed Trims. Enzymatic (Pan Philps Machine Screw with Flat Split Two Washers Assemblies Custom Fastener)Anti Haze Pm2.5 Anti Pollution Ctive N95 Ffp1 Ffp2 Chemical Gas Cleanroom Duckbill Dust Mask Respirator No Valve(sulfuric acid)Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517)(OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Automobile Parts Chimney Fiberglass, High Strength FRP/GRP Square Pipe Tube Gh F001 Guohao021 FRP Product, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Automobile Parts Chimney Fiberglass, High Strength FRP/GRP Square Pipe Tube Gh F001 Guohao021 FRP Product, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Rapid Prototyping for Aluminum Parts Sometimes Steel or Brass.China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quality HPMC Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose From Manufacturer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNew CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera, but not shown inVertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box,FC Bare Fiber Optic Adapter for Network, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).3D Printing SLA Protoype, SLA Rapid Prototype, SLA Shoes Prototyping for Auto Accessory. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining,1996).
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15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060sandMining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Partsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Cattle Corpse Cremation Burning Stove.L Shaped Modular Kitchen Designs Kitchen Cabinet on Sale, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPremium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.E26 E14 E17 E17 E39 Lamp Cap Go No Go Gauge(Condell et al.,1993) .
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2019 Good Price Screw Press Sludge Dewatering Machine for STP ETP Wwtp Cetp/Water/Waste Water/Sewage/Effluent Treatment, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Professional Stainless Steel Biological Fermentor,16X2 Stn Character LCD Display Module Digital Display COB Type Stn Blue Positive. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera) (Reis et al.,1989;Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules.,1991;Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50.,1991).Rj11, Rj12, RJ45 Network Cable Modular Plug Crimping Tool Lk-Nt005(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Mould Lifecycle: We Think About The Entire Life of The Mould.We Consider The Finishing, The Assembly, The Packaging,and End of Life for The Mould and Mould Part.
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CONCLUSIONS
16 Spindle Lace High Speed Braiding Machine Textile Machinery. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt) for the financial support.
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Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serum. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Good Price Thermoplastic Hot Melt Road Marking Paint Line Equipment]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),900-1800MHz GSM PCB Antenna, 3m Adhesive GSM Built-in PCB Antenna. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Best Price 1.4507/S32550/Alloy 2507 Stainless Steel Pipe.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Female Electric Bike]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ Powder]
25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Plastic Flange Housing Ucf310-115 for Electric Hand Tools.Two Sided Lighted Vanity Mirror Folding 1X and 5X or 10X LED Makeup Mirrors. USP/SP[Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Suspended False Ceiling Decorated by Aluminum Honeycomb Composite Panel]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Yangtze 12V 100ah Lithium Ion 10kw Solar Recharge Battery: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[W316) Stainless Long Type Lap Joint]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants]
Fabric Coated PVC for Garment Woven Fabric 600d 100% Polyester, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Tct Circular Saw Blade &Diamond Saw Blade-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace]
Fabric Coated PVC for Garment Woven Fabric 600d 100% Polyester,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Zs Round Vibrating Sieve]
Fabric Coated PVC for Garment Woven Fabric 600d 100% Polyester, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Low Voltage Mediu Voltage Cable PVC Flexible Control Cable with Braided Shield Cable, Part I.Lifting Thread with Needle for Plastic Surgery. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby]
Methyl Cyclohexane Methylcyclohexane, Organic Chemicsls, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),LiFePO4 Prismatic Pouch Cell 3.2V 10/20/30/40/50/100ah Flat LiFePO Lithium Battery for Electric Car.Fudan Compatible Card 1k RFID Card 13.56MHz, 175-184[Duct Evaporative Air Cooler for Warehouse Factory]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ 20t]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Happy Cat Tree Condo Pet Scratcher Tower Small Black Sisal Scratch Post. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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