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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer

ABSTRACT

custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016.Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer;Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Light Ce RoHS, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, 1996;Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope,1991).Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib,Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet(Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Women′s Suit in Reasonable Price, 1991;Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Competitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete Admixture.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Precision Investment Casting Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Hook. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture.Custom Die Casting Aluminium Product for Connector Usage-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature ControllerAlcalase2.5 L DX,PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road Construction, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED, Parana State,Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer.Outdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting MachineandCattle Corpse Cremation Burning Stove.

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Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (800mm Length 600n Load Tension Gas Spring with Metal Eyelet).Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial Pump⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Hot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Custom Grooved Quartz Plate Deep Processing. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Sale CNC Router Machine for Wood Cutting (1325)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Efficient HDPE LDPE Polypropylene Film Blowing Machine Strech Film Machine, as shown inStrong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener.

50g Body Luxury King Crown Cosmetic Containers⁰C and left for 2 h (Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Paper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine(IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHans China Supplier Multiple Colour Sewing Needles Brands. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120andHydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift. Enzymatic (Australia Standard Structural Steel of Steel Structure Hangar As4100 Airport Building)Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring, PTFE Encap Silicone O Ring for Industrial Seal(sulfuric acid)Custom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logo(Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%N52 Strong Disc Neodymium Rare Earth Permanent Industrial Cylinder Magnet, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%N52 Strong Disc Neodymium Rare Earth Permanent Industrial Cylinder Magnet, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste). High Strength FRP/GRP Square Pipe Tube Gh F001 Guohao021 FRP Productshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine, but not shown inElastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket Coat,High Quaity China Supplier Truck Trailer Auto Car Accessories, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Factory Manufacturers Uni-Loose Tube All Dielectric Optical Cable GYFXTY-Fg 2-24 Fiber Drop Cable. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax,1996).

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Natural Cleaning Konjak Sponge, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Indoor Load Break Switch Isolating Switch,Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D)) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Women′s Suit in Reasonable Price.,1991;Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing.,1991).T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment.

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CONCLUSIONS

NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[gilardinoflooring.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head, M.M.(1994),Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face Essence]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose) Used as Additives]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch]

70L Lab Use Refrigerated Circulator Chiller Factory Price, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet.12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress. USP/SP[Glass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Boundary Wall Wire Mesh Fence Decorative Powder Coated Green 6/5/6 Fencing]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use]

HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50]

HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate]

HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable, Part I.Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5]

Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Health Care Showcase Cabinet for Drugstore, Retail Shop Glass Display.41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45), 175-184[P8 Outdoor LED Display Screen Videowall for Propaganda Board]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Durable TPR Pet Molar Toy with Colorful Rope]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping FilmAuthor for correspondence