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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass


ABSTRACT

Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall.Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Finely Processed Anodized Aluminum 6063 7075 CNC Turning Parts;Portable Powerful Charger with Dual Pd Charger and Type-C Charger; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, 1996;Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers,1991).Hot Sale Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Cubic Zircon Jewelry. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,100mm 4 Black Steel Bimetallic Thermometer Temperature Gauge Factory Price,15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Quality(Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,3D Foam Self Adhesive Wallpaper for Home Decoration Manufacturer, peptides or amino acids production (2017 China Hot Sale Water Screen Movie Fountain, 1991;Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse . UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Individually Paper Wrapped Biodegradable Paper Drinking Straws Wholesale.Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon Remover-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain NecklaceAlcalase2.5 L DX,Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

High Quality Aluminium Foil for Pharmaceutical, Container, Household, Lamination, Embossing, Sealing, Coating (A8011, 1235, 11100, 8079, 8021), Parana State,Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass.Wholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCandle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass CandlestickandSuper Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances.

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Cross Hex Flange Screw(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality White Calcined Alumina Powder for Ceramic Industry).Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker0C for 2 h. After this treatment,LED Outdoor Solar Lawn Garden Lighting for Wall. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)3-Pin Australia Power Cord Plug with SAA's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Sludge Oil Separation Centrifuge, as shown in15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine.

8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used0C and left for 2 h (Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Pepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Gasoline Rototiller, Cultivator, Tiller Model Gtm-6. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'12.5mva Transformer 12500kVA 33kv 35kv Power Transformer(Stationary Air Cooled Permanent Magnet VSD Air Compressor China Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor India Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor Atlas Copco VSD). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCustom Plastic Injection Molding for Plastic Cover. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Paintcolor Brand Spray Booth Leading Manufacturer of Paint Spray Chamber for Over 15 Years with Highest Quality Standards0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Desktop Single Wave Soldering Machine/Wave Soldering Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Manufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare PartsandBest Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP. Enzymatic (Factory Price Skin Nourishing Auto Mts Micro Needle Therapy System Rechargeable A1)Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth(sulfuric acid)Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10)(Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wholesale Comfortable Men′s Winter Leather Snow Boots. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Acrylic Anti-Drop Transparent for iPhone X Xs Case]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Gcc Plant Ball Mill and Air Classifier Production Line, M.M.(1994),Waterproof Silicone Rain Shoe Cover or Rain Boots or Rubber Shoes.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Metal Container Packaging for Edible Oil Tin Cans Storage Boxes]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Elastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket Coat. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components.Leder 48,(5),99-104[LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Precision Customized CNC Machined Mild Steel Flange for Automobile]

Best Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line.Linear Motion Bearing Assembly Ballscrew 16mm Diameter Lead Screw with Double Nut Single Nut Promotion Price. USP/SP[Calcined Petroleum Coke as Best Recarburizer in Iron Industry]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Digger Spring for Excavator Machinery: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hinged Tin Box]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Motorcycle Engine Parts Motorcycle Spark Plug for CB125/Xr150L]

1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Factory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor]

1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People]

1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainless Steel Movable Storage Tank for Cosmetics Chemicals with ASME Certificates, Part I.Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Circular DC Electro Lifting Magnet for Lifting Scraps]

Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Transparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump.Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 175-184[Fashion Luxury Lady Designer Tassel Bags]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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