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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine
ABSTRACT
Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth.Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern);PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, 1996;Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button,1991).Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card,Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack(Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture, peptides or amino acids production (Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, 1991;Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster.China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good PerformanceAlcalase2.5 L DX,Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)350mm Diamond Blade for Granite(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts, Parana State,Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine.Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFactory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04andCustomized Cute Animal Dinosaur Kids Baby Baseball Cap.
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Laser ID Card Rigid PET Printing Sheet(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (4.0MP Ahd Tvi CVBS HD CCTV Camera Module).New Arrival Plush Animal Ride for Kids for Shopping Center(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Professional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, AAC Block Making Machine, as shown inPrecision Ball Screw with Two Nut.
PVC Transparent/Clear/Opaque Film for Covering, Packaging, PVC Liner, Protection, Wrap0C and left for 2 h (Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine(12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inOutdoor Dining Set. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,New Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Green Color PVC Anti Dazzle Panel. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Screw MachineandTUV Certificate High Quality Single Core PV1-F PV Solar Cables. Enzymatic (Our Factories 20 Years′ Experience Direct Factory Prices Building Fasteners)Cast Steel Dual Plate Wafer Check Valve(sulfuric acid)Best Selling Grey Cast Iron and Ductile Cast Iron Sand Casting Products(Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Mining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Mining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Sale 840 Type PPGI Color Steel Roofing Sheets.5% off Sale Price Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Titanium Dioxideshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.FTTH Drop Fiber Optic Fiber Mechanical Splice Cold Fast Connector(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMen Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear, but not shown inReinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen,CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign,1996).
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Tct Circular Saw Blade &Diamond Saw Bladeand5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover.2019 Hot Sales Beauty Products Brush Egg Facial Blush Brush Makeup Brush, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inActive Demand Plastic 65 Liter Laundry Basket Mould, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Buttock Enhancement Injection Hyaluronic Acid Korea Dermal Filler 10ml&20ml(Condell et al.,1993) .
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PVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panel, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Neodymium Magnet with RoHS ISO 16499 Approved,Wholesale Metal Hair Brushes Pet Dog Cat Comb for Removing Louse Flea Tick. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope) (Reis et al.,1989;Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper.,1991;Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar.,1991).Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook.
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CONCLUSIONS
1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Seamless Steel Carbon Boiler Pipes]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows, M.M.(1994),Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Poultry Manure Dryer Cow Dung Rotary Drying Machine for Fertilizers]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine]
Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock.EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings. USP/SP[High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Natural Cleaning Konjak Sponge]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Extrusion Aluminium Profile for Window and Door Sliding Frame Parts]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate]
Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ 1235]
Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line]
Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hing Quality Rubber O Ring in Motor High Pressure, Part I.Flying Fiber Laser Marking Machine on Plastic Pipe /Metal Pipe. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005]
Laminate/Laminated Flooring Virgin Material Spc Unilin Floor Looks Like Lowest Price PVC Discount Wood Floor, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),PVC Plastic Flexible Water Irrigation Pipe Layflat Hose 2.Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair, 175-184[Mini Fountain &Han Laying Eggs Novelties]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Abrasive Disc, Fiber Disc, Wood Polishing Disc, Metal Polishing Disc. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310)Author for correspondence