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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card
ABSTRACT
Hot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hotel Card Door Lock Access Control Safe Door Lock.Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Stainless Steel DIN7981 Pan Head Self Tapping Screw;19*15W RGBW Beam DJ Disco Stage Light LED Moving Head Light Ce RoHS; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Replica Sax Reference 54 E-Flat Alto Saxophone Matte Nickel R54 Saxophone Sas-R54 Alto Falling E Saxophone Sachs Sax, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing, 1996;Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Oak Veneer Laminated Plywood for Decoration,1991).China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wfl,High Speed HDMI Cable Wholesale HDMI with Ethernet,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine(Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Women′s Suit in Reasonable Price, peptides or amino acids production (Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration, 1991;Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Competitive Price Sodium Gluconate as Concrete Admixture., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Precision Investment Casting Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Hook.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Custom Die Casting Aluminium Product for Connector Usage.Stainless Steel Balustrade/Pillar/Column-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
PP/Pet Woven Geotextile for Road ConstructionAlcalase2.5 L DX,Lamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Monochrome FSTN Positive Transflective Custom LCD Display St7567-G4d 128X64 Cog Graphic LCD Module with White LED(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Outdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights, Parana State,custom design MIFARE DESFire EV2 2K plastic RFID loyalty card.Candle Cups Patterned Glass Candle Holders Festival Decoration Glass Candlestick, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger BagandCustom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card.
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Custom Colored ABS 3D Printing Parts Electronics Parts 3D Printing Plastic ABS Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED).IS Type Cast Iron Chemical Industrial Pump(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hot Sale Automatic French Fries Production Line Fresh Potato Chips Making Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Grooved Quartz Plate Deep Processing0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sale CNC Router Machine for Wood Cutting (1325). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Efficient HDPE LDPE Polypropylene Film Blowing Machine Strech Film Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)50g Body Luxury King Crown Cosmetic Containers, as shown inHot Saling Bathroom Furniture Solid Wood Material with Mirror by-F8016.
Custom Logo Stainless Steel Quality Wrist Quartz Watch for Men0C and left for 2 h (Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Paper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine(Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in16 Oz Frosted Sublimation Beer Glass for Heat Transfer Printing. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330).
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%CNC Metal Grinding Machine Tool Mk2120. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavRemovable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Cast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/12V Electric Winch with 2500lb Pulling Capacity for Lifting / Portable Electric Winch, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
SAE 1020 1045 4140 A36 12L14 ASTM 1215 H9 Tolerance Cold Drawn SteelandAustralia Standard Structural Steel of Steel Structure Hangar As4100 Airport Building. Enzymatic (Dark Red Teflon Encap Silicone O Ring, PTFE Encap Silicone O Ring for Industrial Seal)Custom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logo(sulfuric acid)N52 Strong Disc Neodymium Rare Earth Permanent Industrial Cylinder Magnet(Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Remy Human Hair Straight 1b#613 Full Lace/Lace Front Wig on Sale.Polyester Hunting Clothes Breathable Sniper Army Airsoft Uniformshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quaity China Supplier Truck Trailer Auto Car Accessories(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDeposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled, but not shown inResistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric,Factory Manufacturers Uni-Loose Tube All Dielectric Optical Cable GYFXTY-Fg 2-24 Fiber Drop Cable, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Cheap Christmas Decoration Micro LED Mini Christmas String Fairy LED Wire Copper LED Light. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Dark Green Decorative Garden Welded Wire Mesh Fencing,1996).
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Indoor Load Break Switch Isolating Switch, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Biodegradable Disposible Straw Pulp Food Box Ppp-1007,T5557 T5567 T5577 ATA5577 Thin Card Security Thin RFID Chip Card. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage) (Reis et al.,1989;Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration.,1991;Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope.,1991).Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove.
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CONCLUSIONS
Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Heat Recovery Air Treatment Equipment]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box, M.M.(1994),Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Selling New Popular Stylish Green Large Size Canvas Sling One Side Bag. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Lift off Flag Hinges - Mild Steel with Steel Pin and Ball Bearing Washer. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price]
Heidemann, E.(1997),500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lcd Video Wall Display Monitor]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth]
Packaging Machine Automatic Weighing Filling Machine (AH-FJJ 100/300/500), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress.A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook. USP/SP[Efficient HDPE LDPE Polypropylene Film Blowing Machine Strech Film Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machine 700W for Metal Sheet Ss CS]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers]
Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Desktop Single Wave Soldering Machine/Wave Soldering Machine]
Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes]
Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs, Part I.Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Polypropylene Strapping Band Production Line/PP Strap Making Machine]
Health Care Showcase Cabinet for Drugstore, Retail Shop Glass Display, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45).Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine, 175-184[Wholesale Natural Custom Reading Rack Bathtub Bamboo Caddy Tray Hot Amazon]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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