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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot. After enzymatic hydrolysis,5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050).20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double Seat. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film;High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04); chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, 1996;Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle,1991).3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml,Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,EAS Hard Tag EAS Tag Security Tag MIDI Dome (T012)(115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street Light, peptides or amino acids production (Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors, 1991;Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Ribbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope.Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Factory Price 4X6 Acrylic Magnetic Photo Frame(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Resistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric, Parana State,16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine.New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLight Blue PVC Plastic Sheet and PVC FilmandFoldable PP Plastic Storage Logistics Turnover Box.
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FRP Pultruded Pipe or GRP Profile(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Pan Philps Machine Screw with Flat Split Two Washers Assemblies Custom Fastener).6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk, as shown inEn471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada.
New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice0C and left for 2 h (Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant(ATV Spiked Chain Harrow for Farming). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inConnector Lc. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP CapsandFolding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame. Enzymatic (Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel)Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial(sulfuric acid)Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture(115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating.15W/20W/24W E27 LED Light Bulb UFO Highbay Light LED Energy Saver Lamp LED Ceiling Grow Light UFO Highbayshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in2019 New Water Quality TDS Test, but not shown inPrecision Investment Casting Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Hook,Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting,1996).
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Modern Compact Laminate Key Lock Changing Room LockerandFashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Creative Inlaid Ringshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System.Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inReflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector(Condell et al.,1993) .
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20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray,Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (16X2 Stn Character LCD Display Module Digital Display COB Type Stn Blue Positive) (Reis et al.,1989;Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors.,1991;Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit.,1991).Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button.
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CONCLUSIONS
Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Air Purification Activated Alumina) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cast Iron Poffertje Pan High Quality Supplier]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam, M.M.(1994),13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial]
Heidemann, E.(1997),240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[2019 Fashionable Pink Girls Crossbody School Bag Leopard Backpack]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Breathable Ankle Support Protector Brace Sleeve Ce ISO FDA Manufacturer]
1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tube, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas.Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength. USP/SP[2019 Earn Money Cabinet Games Coin Operated Tekken 7 Retro Japanese]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cixi Kent Factory High Quality Inch Deep Groove Ball Bearing R10 R10zz R4 R188 R168 R3a R3 R166 R156 Use in Inch Bearing Place]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Yiwu Plaster Line Supplier]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[16 Spindle Lace High Speed Braiding Machine Textile Machinery]
Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01)]
Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH102]
Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge, Part I.Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[16oz Insulated Cardboad Cup Sleeve]
Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle.Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape, 175-184[SD-50A-5 DC DC Converter 9-18VDC to 5VDC 50W 10A]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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