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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Chromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and Plastics
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Anionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production
ABSTRACT
Shenzhen LED Screen Manufacturer HD Outdoor P5 P4 P3 Street LED Lighting Display Screen. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube Processing.Factory Wholesale 1080P HDMI Male to VGA HD15p Female Adapter for PC Tablet Nickel/Gold-Plated HDMI+VGA Connector. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap;Double Door Heated Holding Carts; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.2019 New Water Quality TDS Test, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair, 1996;Container House as Kinder Garden, Modular House as School, Container House for Clinic or Hospital., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Machinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling,1991).Aws E7018 Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Best Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting,Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass(Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks, peptides or amino acids production (Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall, 1991;Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Finely Processed Anodized Aluminum 6063 7075 CNC Turning Parts., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Portable Powerful Charger with Dual Pd Charger and Type-C Charger.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting.Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
3D Foam Self Adhesive Wallpaper for Home Decoration Manufacturer, Parana State,High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production.2017 China Hot Sale Water Screen Movie Fountain, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water SupplyandOEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate.
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Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo).Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse 0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Individually Paper Wrapped Biodegradable Paper Drinking Straws Wholesale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon Remover's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine, as shown inCheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair.
Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain Necklace0C and left for 2 h ( etc Underground Metel Detector). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O(Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBlack Wire To Copper Or Silver. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Aluminium Foil for Pharmaceutical, Container, Household, Lamination, Embossing, Sealing, Coating (A8011, 1235, 11100, 8079, 8021).
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCross Hex Flange Screw(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/LED Outdoor Solar Lawn Garden Lighting for Wall, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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12.5mva Transformer 12500kVA 33kv 35kv Power Transformer.Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tapeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDouble Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine, but not shown inBuilding Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall Decoration,Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair,1996).
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Manufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP,Factory Price Skin Nourishing Auto Mts Micro Needle Therapy System Rechargeable A1. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification) (Reis et al.,1989;Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall.,1991;Container House as Kinder Garden, Modular House as School, Container House for Clinic or Hospital.,1991).Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10).
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CONCLUSIONS
Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Ral9002 White Prepainted Galvanized Steel Coil Z275 for Building Material, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Digital Temperature Controller]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Density Crust Foam Board/Celuka Board, M.M.(1994),Mango Pulp Juice Processing Production Line.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Gasoline Rototiller]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Creative Inlaid Ring. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Stainless Steel Long Handle Spoons for Ice Cream Tea Coffee Dessert.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Whole Line Whole Powder Coating Line Equipments]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse]
15W/20W/24W E27 LED Light Bulb UFO Highbay Light LED Energy Saver Lamp LED Ceiling Grow Light UFO Highbay, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover.Candy Box Laser Marking Engraving Machine Scm2000 180W 250W. USP/SP[Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Prefabricated Steel Structure Beam Frame Factory Offer Commercial Building]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-130kw 7 Degrees Scroll Type Industrial Water Chiller: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cnc Engraving Machine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store]
Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale]
Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib]
Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Golden Galvanic Salon Use Eyes Lifting Acne Treatment Machine, Part I.Wholesale Comfortable Men′s Winter Leather Snow Boots. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice]
Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Gcc Plant Ball Mill and Air Classifier Production Line.Waterproof Silicone Rain Shoe Cover or Rain Boots or Rubber Shoes, 175-184[Square 20X27 Aluminum LED Pendant Strip Profile & Suspended Profile]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/MouldAuthor for correspondence