ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-16A/24A High Speed Wire Cable Braiding Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot

ABSTRACT

5 Axis CNC Machine with German Technology (BL-Y850/1050 VMC850/1050). After enzymatic hydrolysis,20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double Seat.Agriculture Apple Orchard Reflective Pet Film. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Precision IP54 Waterproof Digital Vernier Caliper 6 Electronic Caliper (WW-54DC04);Small Boat Deck Knuckle Boom Ship Pedestal Crane; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.115mm Segmented Saw Blade for Concrete Cutting, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit, 1996;China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport,1991).Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Patchwork Color Outdoor Covers Stretch Waterproof Auto Car Cover,EAS Hard Tag EAS Tag Security Tag MIDI Dome (T012),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,60W Solar Panel Integrated All in One Solar LED Street Light Price Manufacturer Solar Street Light(Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Universal Mirco Forklift Car Bus Truck Seats Switch Sensors, peptides or amino acids production (Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder, 1991;Mexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Ribbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machine.Factory Price 4X6 Acrylic Magnetic Photo Frame-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:200m Diesel Oil Hydraulic Water Well Drilling Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W).Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice, as shown in4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel.

Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting⁰C and left for 2 h (Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine(High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Performance 3-Electrode Motorcycle Spark Plug A7tc. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avChina Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Folding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Silicone Hand Pipe Hand Tobacco Pipes Smoking Pipe with Glass BowlandPiston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel. Enzymatic (Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial)Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture(sulfuric acid)Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box(Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine.High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooringshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBig Bussiness Project Commerical Chicken Poultry Farm Buildings, but not shown inCustom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card,Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Automatic Vertical Packaging Machine Filling Machine for Chips, Popcorn, Macaroni, Hamburgers, Oats, Washing Powder, Puffed Food, Biscuit,1996).

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Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts,Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing) (Reis et al.,1989;Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder.,1991;China Round Transparent Glass 750ml Liquor Glass Bottle.,1991).CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks.

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CONCLUSIONS

Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Tolerance Control CNC Machined Vertical Knurling Connector]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System, M.M.(1994),Thermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Paper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ribbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Riboflavin-5-Phosphate Sodium CAS 130-40-5 with High Purity]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Green Color PVC Anti Dazzle Panel]

Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength.Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen. USP/SP[Best Supplier Youfa Brand Schedule 40 Galvanized Steel Pipe]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Adjustable Ergonomic Office Chair High Quality Supplier]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Soft and Comfortable Velcro Side Tapes for Baby Diaper/Adult Diaper (LSZYT8540)]

Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display]

Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw]

Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, Part I.Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire]

Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape.High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply, 175-184[Healthy Gym Comfort Walking Shoes Slip on Sneakers (1938)]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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