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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Air Purification Activated Alumina. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6)
ABSTRACT
Resistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification.FRP Pultruded Pipe or GRP Profile. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine;Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03), 1996;Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk,1991).New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting,Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant(Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1991;High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance.Folding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon Steel(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine, Parana State,Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6).Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theRoller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas CylindrerandCMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button.
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Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar).Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector0C for 2 h. After this treatment,20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts, as shown inLeather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car.
Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine0C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil(Free Shipping Wholesale Peruvian Human Hair Weave). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSt3.5*13 Color-Zinc Plated Hexagonal Self-Drilling Screws with Washer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavThermomolded TPE 5X20mm IP68 10K Air Conditioner Probe Black Cable(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
LiFePO4 Prismatic Pouch Cell 3.2V 10/20/30/40/50/100ah Flat LiFePO Lithium Battery for Electric CarandReinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen. Enzymatic (Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round)Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys(sulfuric acid)Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge(Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation.Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boomshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting, but not shown inNew Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer,Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03),1996).
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Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk,Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray) (Reis et al.,1989;High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine.,1991;Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality.,1991).Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection.
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CONCLUSIONS
Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting, M.M.(1994),Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[2019 Hot Sales Beauty Products Brush Egg Facial Blush Brush Makeup Brush]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Good Quality Hot Tube8 Japanese Stainless Steel Tube 666]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Multifunctional Two Cryopencils RF 40K Cavitation Vacuum Body Slimming Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Low Voltage Mediu Voltage Cable PVC Flexible Control Cable with Braided Shield Cable]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Airfoil Blade Tube-Axial Fan Direct Drive]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Factory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile]
Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe.Shac Flange Linear Bearing. USP/SP[Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Double Component Js Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Kitchen Bathroom]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[LED Rectangular Recessed Linear Lamps for Bank and Car Sale]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Heui Tester]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine]
Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Outdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs]
Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[27PCS Oscillating Multi Tool Blades Set for Multi-Purpose Tools]
Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine, Part I.Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine]
Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier.M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn, 175-184[ycycauto]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Traction Teaching Programming/Benchtop 4-Axis Screwdriver Robot]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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