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ABSTRACT

Reinforced Stainless Steel 306L Wire Wrap Johnson Type Strainer Screen. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Colorful Braided Fabric Cable Round.Universal Wholesale Hot Sale Custom Blank Keys. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, 1996;Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve UPVC DIN ANSI JIS Standard Wafer Worm Gear Butterfly Valve PVC Level Butterfly Valve for Water Supply,1991).Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,BMC (DMC) / SMC Compression Moulding,Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet(Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk, peptides or amino acids production (Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire, 1991;Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting.Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price, Parana State,Colored Silicone NBR O-Rings Seals, Rubber O Ring with High Strength.Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePrinting Pure Color Women Fitness Wearand Diatomite Earth Beer Filter.

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CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification).Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Electric Tricycle/3 Wheel Folding Electric Bike Fat Tire for Adult 48V 500W, as shown inEmpty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer.

Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.500W 1000W Stainless Steel Copper Fiber Metal Cutting Equipment. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,YCOM High Quality Displayport to HDMI Cable Dp to HDMI Cable. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Anti-Pollution Modified Acrylic Solid Surface for Countertops(High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inForged Fittings Male Thread Stainless Steel Swage Nipple. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Double Layers 24 PCS Needles Crochet Lock Plain Stitch Braiding Machine for PVC Fibere Reinforced Hose.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Corrugated Carton Box Fully Automatic Folding Gluing Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valve(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Manufacturer Cheap Custom Running Award Metal Sport Trophie Medal⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CNC Machining Metal Mechanical Engineering Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Low Sulphur Calcined Carbon Raiser, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Spark Resistant Construction Axial Fan with Fixed Pitch BladeandHot Selling Free Sample Natural Fragrant Bath SPA Salt. Enzymatic (Custom FSTN Va COB Cog Segment LCD Display Module)Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter(sulfuric acid)Deep Hole Cylinder Boring Machine for Sale(Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Hot Selling 202 Stainless Steel Coil, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

NPK 16X Hammer Spare Parts Racing Forged Piston.Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mouldshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.2PC Flanged&Threaded, Wcb&CF8&CF8m, Floating&Trunnion Ball Valve(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inGolden Galvanic Salon Use Eyes Lifting Acne Treatment Machine, but not shown inMedical Ultrasound Gel,Compatible FHG EGG 1B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 Pins Elbow Plug/Fixed Socket Push-Pull Metal Connector, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle,1996).

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Hot Sale High Precision Valve Block Hydraulic Flow Control Valve 1wflandPVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panelshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Oil Cooler 923/02700.Heavy Duty 22oz PVC Vinyl Flatbed Cargo Tarpaulin Roll, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inMini Succulent Planters, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Cr1000 Spray Nozzle Common Rail Injector Tester(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Industrial Cast Steel Flanged One Way Swing Check Valve Nrv, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Black White Stone 925 Silver Cross Pendants Necklace Jewelry,Heated Outdoor Winter Battery Neoprene Fiber Heating Vest for Keep Warm for People. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs) (Reis et al.,1989;Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire.,1991;Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape.,1991).Kt Board Acrylic CCD Camera CNC Knife Cutting Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Plastic Pipe Fittings HDPE Pipe Flange Fittings PE Butt Fusion Pipe Fittings for Water Supply DIN Standard SDR13.6 and SDR17.

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CONCLUSIONS

Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Soundless (Silent, Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Steel Wire Spiral Hydraulic Rubber Hose for R12]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Drilling Self Tapping Screw with PVC Washer 4.8/5.5/6.3, M.M.(1994),China Factory Prices Custom Precisely A380 ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Part.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[100 Liter Cooking Pots for Jam]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Medical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocar]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Green Nylon Sponge Scouring Pad Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Scrubber]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Diesel Burner Maize Vertical Drying Machine Paddy Corn Rice Grain Dryer for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1]

240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt.Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses. USP/SP[500ml Double Walled Outdoor Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask Thermos Water Bottle for Wine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Brown /Black /Red Film Faced Plywood Shuttering Poplar Core Waterproof]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Iveco. Genlyon Recovery Trucks Heavy Duty Wrecker 50tons with Remote Control Rotatory Crane Wrecker for Towing Truck]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ad-L13 Black Perfume Plastics Vial Bottle 10ml]

Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Sale High-Order Elasticty Girls Sports Wear Yaga Suit]

Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid]

Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa, Part I.High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV]

Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps.Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale, 175-184[Small Flour Powder Packing Machine (2-50g)]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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