ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Custom Cmyk Printing Cake Gift Packing Box with Lid. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Air Purification Activated Alumina

ABSTRACT

Steel Tubeless Truck Trailer Rim Wheel (17.5X6.75 17.5X6). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Resistan UV Grades PP Non Woven Fabric.New Scba Breathing Apparatus Equipment with Ce Certification. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;FRP Pultruded Pipe or GRP Profile;6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, 1996;Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Sheet Metal Distribution Cabinet with High Quality,1991).OEM Branded Low Price Disposable Baby Pull up Diapers in Bulk. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Rice,Ningbo Smart Professional Manufacturer Rx Brass Pneumatic Pipe Fitting,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Metal Animal Longhorn Skull Pendant Longhorn Skull Charm(Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant, peptides or amino acids production (Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine, 1991;High Output Plastic Rubber Filing Masterbatch Extruder Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Precision Mold Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry.Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Folding Steel Manual Wheelchair with Chrome Frame(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Piston Cooling Nozzle Valve Body Made of 45# 35# Carbon SteelAlcalase2.5 L DX,Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Waterproof IP67 Outdoor Plastic Box Enclosure Electronic Junction Box(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Building Decoration Material Acrylic Dispersant for Coating, Parana State,Air Purification Activated Alumina.High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theRegular Size Cigarette Rolling Papersand Melamine/Plain Chipboard.

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Diamond Tools Continous Saw Blade Segment Bldes Turbo Saw Blades Brazed Welded Saw Blades(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks).Factory Supply Straight Ball Joint Bearing 02b04(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wrinkle Effect Crease UV Drying Machine UV Curing System⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Lithium Polymer 3000mAh 634169-3s 11.1V High Quality Li-ion Battery Pack⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Best Pinpointer Metal Detector Hand Held Underground Gold Metal Detector. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Tefude Feeding and Packaging Line for Food with Tray, as shown inGRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product.

Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts⁰C and left for 2 h (Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automatic Sawdust/Rice Husk/Biomass Pellet Making Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks(Ozone Generator Plant for Water Treatment). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAmber Glass Beads. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Hard S550gd Cold Rolled Galvanzied Steel Sheet in Coil.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av13.56MHz Contactless RFID Card MIFARE 1K Card for Prepaid Payment System(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.100% Fiberglass 1*1m Fire Blanket 3732 Fiberglass Cloth⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mens Messenger Bag 15.6 Inch Waterproof Waxed Canvas, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Rotary Automatic Wet Wipe Production Linewet Wipes Machine RM-Wl30.OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machiningshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Waw 8 Ton Logistics Light Truck for Transportation(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in 49, but not shown inHiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h,Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Hot Sale Chic Straw Braid Floppy Hat with Print Tape. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper,1996).

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Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet,Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly) (Reis et al.,1989;Eco Friendly Heat Sealing Small Capacity Garbage HDPE LDPE Trash Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine.,1991;Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03).,1991).Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Precision Ball Screw with Two Nut.

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CONCLUSIONS

EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.xcfrfpc.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,En471 Reflective Fabric Tape Cintas Reflectantes De Tela Plateada, M.M.(1994),Customized Stainless Steel Laser Cutting.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[10HP Mobile Ducted Air Conditioning for Outdoor Sports Meeting Tents]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Indoor UTP Cat 6 with Rj 45 Connector Length 20 Meter Cable. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Muliti-Size Light Hot Stamping Foil for PS Frame]

Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate.Leder 48,(5),99-104[5 Ton Air Cooled Industrial Scroll Water Chiller Machine for Hydraulic Oil Indirect Cooling]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price]

200m Diesel Oil Hydraulic Water Well Drilling Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Pot.Stainless Steel Handrail Bar Holder for 16mm Pipe. USP/SP[Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ 6063]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Shac Flange Linear Bearing: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Basic Blue 9 Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould]

China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Heat Resistant Adhesive Teflon Tape Price High Temperature Teflon Tape-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt]

China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut]

China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling, Part I.Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10)]

Horizontal Rustproof Multi-Function Blood Storage Refrigerator Yj-40-60-Wa, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Empty 20ml Pocket Perfume Spray Bottles 20 Ml PP Plastic Card Shape Bottle with Sprayer.High Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier, 175-184[Fire Sprinkler Nozzle. Upright/Pendent/Sidewall Fire Sprinkler. Sprinkler Head]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),M Type Metallic Yarn Lurex Yarn Embroidery Yarn. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

C Purlin/C Steel Beam/ C Section Steel/ C Shaped SteelAuthor for correspondence