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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT
Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm.CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor;Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting, 1996;Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail,1991).Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1,Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine(Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire, peptides or amino acids production (IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash, 1991;Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Microfiber Towel Car Drying Soft Towel.Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Detergent / Ceramic / FoodAlcalase2.5 L DX,100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping, Parana State,Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove.200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the15/16/17/18/19/20 Inch Factory Direct Supply Car Alloy Wheels for AudiandPlastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine.
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Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Whole Absorbtion Flexo Printing Soltting Die Cutting Machine).2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat, as shown inHot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount.
Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks0C and left for 2 h (Wholesaler 4.3 Inch Mini Tablet PC Industrial Panel PC All-in-One PC Computer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'H365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits(25HP/20rt Injection Molding Mold Temperature Controller Industrial Water Chiller). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGranite Quarry Drilling Tapered Button Bits. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,PP Woven Bag for Feed, Rice, Corn Feed Bag Rice Bag 10, 25, 50 Kg.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Plastic Clear T-Shirt Retail Drinks Tea Coffee Coca Beverage Bagsand20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21. Enzymatic (8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush)Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw(sulfuric acid)QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery(Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch.CNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Millingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAuto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05, but not shown inMicro Button Type Load Cell Compression Load Cell 10kg,Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting,1996).
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Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic Chair, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Purity99.95% Cobalt Oxide,Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Removable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket) (Reis et al.,1989;IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash.,1991;Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated.,1991).Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Chang Chun Bf-05 Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated, M.M.(1994),6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Media]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Popular Leather Cushion Home Furniture Hotel Terrace Restranant Dining Chair]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Locking Washer]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Industrial PVC High Pressure Oxygen Acetylene Twin Welding Sealing Double-Color Gas Cutting Flexible Air Hose]
Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper.Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine. USP/SP[Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Mens Slim Wallet Custom Design Leather Wallet Men]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[15ml Perfume Spray Bottle]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids]
NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers]
NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Melamine/Plain Chipboard]
NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola, Part I.Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert]
Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale.Inox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror, 175-184[Buy Aluminium Cans]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Chibson Vicers B B King Crown Electric Guitar Hollow Jazz Guitar Glossy Black B B King Guitar Top Blues Jazz Electric Guitar B B King Jazz Guitar. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming MachineAuthor for correspondence