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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Elastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket Coat. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Customized Non-Standard CNC Machining Steel Mold Parts Wire Cuting Plastic Injection Mold Components
ABSTRACT
Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Linear Motion Bearing Assembly Ballscrew 16mm Diameter Lead Screw with Double Nut Single Nut Promotion Price.Digger Spring for Excavator Machinery. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps;Factory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Movable Storage Tank for Cosmetics Chemicals with ASME Certificates, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel, 1996;Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Transparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump,1991).Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5,ATV Spiked Chain Harrow for Farming,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Galvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Wire Cbt-60(Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Logo Waterproof Travel Adult Men Shoulder Sling Bag Crossbody, peptides or amino acids production (Fashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men, 1991;Solar Powered Outdoor Lighting LED Solar Wall Light, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Outdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm).LED Bulb Light UFO Light Recruitment Distributor-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ozone Generator Plant for Water Treatment(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
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Beautiful Smile Teeth Whitening Pen with 6% Hydrogen Peroxide Gel(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch).Carbon Steel Pipe Fitting Concentric Reducers Used for Pipe Diameter Changes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%2019 New Tuya Smart Wireless WiFi Smart Socket (PST-J2)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mobile Phone Original LCD Touch Screen LCD Display for Samsung S8 Galaxy G9500C for 2 h. After this treatment,Rock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)NPK+Te Fertilizer's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)C Purlin/C Steel Beam/ C Section Steel/ C Shaped Steel, as shown inGlass Tea Sugar Coffee Storage Jar with Screw Cap.
Customized Double Acting Hydraulic Cylinder for Excavator0C and left for 2 h (Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Fashion High Quality Head Layer Genuine Leather Men′s Wallet. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Teal Blue Padded Bubble Mailer Envelopes. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Medical Ultrasound Gel(Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMale Thread Cheap Automatic Air Release Valve. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Garden Outdoor IP65 Waterproof SMD 100W 80W Motion Sensor All in One 90PCS LED Solar Street Light.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavGear Rack and Pinion for Construction Hoist, Construction Spare Parts(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2019 Earn Money Cabinet Games Coin Operated Tekken 7 Retro Japanese, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial UseandTungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer. Enzymatic (China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve)Customized Wire Harness for Various Application(sulfuric acid)Cheap CNC Spindle Peeling Lathe for Steel Bar(Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
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CONCLUSIONS
Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (CMC Transparent Grade for Coating Production) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.cn-nbt.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop, M.M.(1994),Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Buddhist Mood Picture Wallpaper Murals]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for Sale]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Screw Thread Cutting Tools T Slot Cutter D40-XP32 Milling Cutter]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Electric Manual Ice Crusher Ice Shaver Industrial Ice Machine]
Outdoor Playground Plastic Slide with Swing and Basketry, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making.New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree. USP/SP[a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Buttock Enhancement Injection Hyaluronic Acid Korea Dermal Filler 10ml&20ml]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Sfj-250r Vibrating Automatic Powder Sieve Machine with Cycling and Recovery System Replace Gema]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Luxury Green Glass Cosmetic Jar and Green Glass Bottle Luxury Cosmetic Containers]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine]
Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids, Animal Theme Kids Toys Fun City Slide, Factory Price Inflatable Bouncing Slide-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine]
Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality]
Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China, Part I.New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Factory Manufacturers Uni-Loose Tube All Dielectric Optical Cable GYFXTY-Fg 2-24 Fiber Drop Cable]
Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly.Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60, 175-184[500ml Bottle Juice Filling / Packing / Making Plant]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Outdoor Fitness Equipment Swing (JMH-03)]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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