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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas

ABSTRACT

Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket.Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine;Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 1996;20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part,1991).Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery,Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology(5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount, peptides or amino acids production (Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press, 1991;Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,.Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller, Parana State,Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas.Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTurnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure BuildingandMexico Single Expansion Anchor with YZP.

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25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Welded Stud Anchor Chain for Ship).Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile, as shown inStone Carving Flower Pot for Garden Decoration.

Rpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread⁰C and left for 2 h (Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.46, 49, 55, Inch Ultra Narrow Bezel LCD Display Video TV Wall Monitor Splicing Screen Controller Advertising Video Wall. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50(Ce Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inEducation Supply School Gifts Craft POM POM Child Toy Educational Equipment (P4097). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Somi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Neoprene Elbow Support, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Individually Paper Wrapped Biodegradable Paper Drinking Straws WholesaleandCNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Milling. Enzymatic (Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera)Custom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming(sulfuric acid)Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine(5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice.Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOutdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights, but not shown inISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator,Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery,1996).

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Light Blue PVC Plastic Sheet and PVC Film, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloy,Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System) (Reis et al.,1989;Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press.,1991;20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty.,1991).Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Deposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[For Sector Gear]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards, M.M.(1994),Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Professional Customization Screen Printing Machine for Porous Ceramic.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ship Diameter 58mm Grade U3 Stud Link Anchor Chain for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part]

Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Fea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extender.SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving. USP/SP[SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Kitchen Floor Mat]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Square Shape Glass Candle Holder for One Piece Tealight Candle: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Galvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Wire Cbt-60]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.antpackaging.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design]

1.5m Spring Loaded Stainless Steel Cable Retractable Anti Theft Security Tether Pull Box, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Medical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocar-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor]

1.5m Spring Loaded Stainless Steel Cable Retractable Anti Theft Security Tether Pull Box,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable]

1.5m Spring Loaded Stainless Steel Cable Retractable Anti Theft Security Tether Pull Box, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge, Part I.Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Wrap]

Men V-Neck Longline T-Shirt with Color Block Ribbed Trims, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Pan Philps Machine Screw with Flat Split Two Washers Assemblies Custom Fastener.Anti Haze Pm2.5 Anti Pollution Ctive N95 Ffp1 Ffp2 Chemical Gas Cleanroom Duckbill Dust Mask Respirator No Valve, 175-184[New fashion Kids Warm Winter Boots]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Outdoor Multifunctional Solar Power Flashlight (SYSG-517). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam FilterAuthor for correspondence