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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-NBR Latex Adhesive for Glove. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket

ABSTRACT

4.2mm 4.8mm Black/Grey Phosphated Drywall Screw with Bugle Head. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Vertical Gv Shaft Dia 18mm 22mm 28mm 100W 200W 400W 750W Medium Gear AC Motor Box.Grid Tie PV Inverter 2-60kw Solar Inverter on Grid 5kw. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.500 PC Car Body Aluminum Fasteners Trim Moulding Clip Rivet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress, 1996;A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance,1991).Swbf-17b6s 6 Die 6 Blow Bolt Former Machine, Bolt Machine, Screw Machine, Heading Machine, Multi-Station Cold Heading Machine, Automatic Bolt. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Von Berg (Hormann) Compatible Bioset 9000 One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable,Longyi Crimping Types Cable Terminal Lugs,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Rigid PVC Foam Board for FRP Marine(12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Health Care Showcase Cabinet for Drugstore, Retail Shop Glass Display, peptides or amino acids production (41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45), 1991;Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Municipal and Industry Sewage/Waste Water/Effluent/Water Treatment., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰2020 Summer Kid/Baby/Girl Dress Cute Cotton Pink Dress with Lace.Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

High Quality Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods, Parana State,Cheap Wooden House Zinc Plated Angle Bracket.Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAnimal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage IncineratorandCe Medical Stainless Steel 6 Body Mortuary Refrigerator/Freezer.

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Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Computer Reciprocating Saw Sliding CNC Table Panel Saw Cutting Saw Running Saw Cordless Reciprocating Saw for Woodworking Machine).High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts, as shown inOutdoor COB OEM Solar LED Street Light with Motion Sensor 12V 70W 90W Solar LED Street Lamp Solar Lights.

Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances⁰C and left for 2 h (ISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Multi Column Load Cell 100kg, 20t(A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,LCD Screen Hanging Truss/Stage Light Stand/Truss Lift Tower System.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Marine Equipment Ship Ventilation Mushroom Ventilator Used in Ship Deck. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFoldable PP Plastic Storage Logistics Turnover Box(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Buddhist Mood Picture Wallpaper Murals⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Flange Dismantling Joint, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Duplex Stainless Steel Floating Ball Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Medical Products PTC Puncture Needle Epidural Sharp Capability FexibleandE-Field Technology Credit Card and Passport Protector Card Blocker RFID Blocking Card. Enzymatic (Beauty Salon Equipment Anti Wrinkle Removal CO2 Laser Machine)Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple(sulfuric acid)Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt(12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input.Handmade Natural Bamboo Basket / Bamboo Flower Potshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Hot Rolled Steel U Channel China Supplier, but not shown inPowder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants,Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (12 Inch King Mattress Latex Foam Memory Foam Mattress,1996).

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20 Inch 48V 750W Fat Tire Electric Bike with Double SeatandSintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approvedshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor.Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPaper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180)(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152,280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern). The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Precision CNC Milling DIN69871. Mas403 for CNC Machinist) (Reis et al.,1989;41 Solid Spruce Top Acoustic Guitar with Fishman Pickups (J45).,1991;A5 PU Cover Loose Leaf Business Diary Book Notepad Notebook.,1991).PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,K Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor.

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CONCLUSIONS

Indoor Customized Electronic Lighted LED Neon Open Sign. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Plastic Injection Molding Companies China for Tablet PC Case) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Good Quality High Grade Laminate LVL Pine Scaffold Board Wooden 18mm Price]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button, M.M.(1994),Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[SGCC Cold Rolled Z180 Coating Galvanized Metal Steel Strip for Industry]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ Kitchen Floor Mat]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Galvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Wire Cbt-60]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design]

Heidemann, E.(1997),RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Foshan Non-woven Fabrics]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor]

Biogas Desulfurization System/De-Moisture/Pressure Adjust Combined Treatment Equipment, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture.Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper. USP/SP[Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Wrap]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[White Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Comforter Sets Luxury Bedding Sets Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Sexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper]

High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter]

High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker System]

High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194), Part I.High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer]

China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers.304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance, 175-184[Digital Printing Press]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ Retail Shop Glass Display]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler AdapterAuthor for correspondence