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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car
ABSTRACT
Hair Twist Sponge Hair Brush Twist Hair Sponge Barber Hair Brush Sponge. After enzymatic hydrolysis,CREE Chip 24W 28W 30W LED Downlight.Stone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Three Phase 35kv Current Transformer for Indoor;China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.CNC Lathe Main Parts with Good Quality, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1996;Custom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting Card., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fashion PU Rhombic Style Crossbody Bag Waist Bag for Woman and Man,1991).Waterproof 100W 100 Watt LED Flood Light for Tennis Court Lighting. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Chemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated,Mashroom Head Nylon Anchor with Pozi Nail,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Outdoor Tempered Glass Aluminum Frame Sunroom for Swimming Pool(Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Waterjet 87K Intensifier Part Check Valve Body 020077-1, peptides or amino acids production (Meat Machinery/Chicken Breast and Fish Slicing Machine, 1991;Commercial Spiral Cement Concrete Cement Mixing Jumbo Bag Packing Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;1.0mm Binding Wire Galvanized Iron Wire., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.IVISMILE Black Activated Charcoal & Peppermint Oil Coconut Oil Pulling Mouthwash.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wholesales Stackable Coffee Iron Chair. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10OEM Eye Anti-Aging Serum.Air Logistics Freight Shipping cost from China to Jamaica Kingston(KIN)Norman Manley Airport reliable Forwarder-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
100ml/120ml/125ml Glass Bottle for Whisky/ Brandy/Rum/Wine, Parana State,Die Casting Zinc Alloy Badge Use for Car.New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLifting Thread with Needle for Plastic SurgeryandCompatible Datex Ohmeda 545307/545302 ECG Trunk Cable for 3-Lead.
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High Quality 1530 Metal Cutting Cheap CNC Plasma Pipe Cutting Machine with Rotary(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input).Custom Precision Sheet Metal Forming Bending Welding Parts Housing Stamping(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%200 Tons Press Brake 4000mm CNC Press Brake 200 Tons Hydraulic Press Brake with Bending 8mm0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Fully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,2u Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with 4 SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)New CCTV 4.0MP H. 265+ IR Bullet Waterproof IP Camera's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Non-Woven Anti-Static Briefs...Non-Woven Anti Static Briefs, as shown inQuality Estrogen Hormone Progesterone powder one neurosteroid CAS57-83-0.
Fused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materials0C and left for 2 h (Removable Triangular Single Slot Metal Folding Down Shelf Wall Support Bracket). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Cold Drawn D2 H13 Alloy Steel Turning Roll. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks(RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAuto Silicone Hose High Quality Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Suitcase Frame or Profile Bending Machine with Ce Aprroved.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Colorful 100LED Copper String Light Outdoor LED. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavH365 Emas Chainsaw Spares Cylinder Kits(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/OEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1.0g Water and Air Ozone Generator with Silicone Tubeand120L 240L Oil Universal Chemical Spil Absorbent Kits. Enzymatic (Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse)High-Tower Compound NPK Fertilizer 15-15-15(sulfuric acid)20 Years ISO9001 Factory Professional Cross-Country Motorcycle/Motor/Motorbike Tubeless/Tube Tire Dirt Bike Scooter ATV Mrf Rubber Tire/Tyre B067 2.75-21(Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%8 Pieces Hot Sale OEM&ODM Manufacturer Cruelty-Free Powder Blush Eye Cosmetics Makeup Brush, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw.China Wholesale Oxide Aluminium Black Sand Blast Mediashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.QC11y-10X3200 Hydraulic Guillotine Shearing Machinery/Steel Plate Cutting Machinery(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inInox Steel Tubes Seamless Pipe 316L 304L Sanitary Ba Tube Mirror, but not shown inCNC Router for Engraving Cutting Carving Drilling Milling,Genuine Original OEM Kubota/Isuzu/Yanmar/Cummins/Foton/Yto/Omro Products Spare Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Newest Men Watches Popular Products Mens Custom Wood Watch. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor,1996).
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Industrial PVC High Pressure Oxygen Acetylene Twin Welding Sealing Double-Color Gas Cutting Flexible Air HoseandBrand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tireshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Accurate Measuring Rulers 3D Lenticular Plastic Rulers.Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inStainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Dental YAG Laser Welding Machine for Gold Silver Metal Jewelry(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Wood Activated Carbon for Decolorizing in Food Industry with ASTM. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Cast Iron Flooring Strong Corrosion Resistant Pig Flooring) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Glacial Acrylic Acid (Gaa) Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Best-Quality Plywood Automatic CNC Hydraulic 800 T Hot Press Machine, M.M.(1994),8.8 Grade DIN931 DIN933 DIN934 Black Steel Hex Bolts.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Ttp60fras Metal Hard Alloy Tool Carbide Inserts Cutting Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide Insert]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ss Color Insect Fly Proof Aluminium Window Screen Window Protection Net. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[GRP/FRP Profile Structures/Fiberglass Pultrusion Product]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Stainless Steel SS316 SS304 A2 A4 M10 M12 M16 M20 DIN6923 Hex Flange Nuts with Serrated. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Engineer Recommendation Disposable PS Packing Box Mechanical Arm Forming Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),6000 Series Anodizing Extrusion Aluminum Tube.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Sheet Metal Fabrication Manufacturer Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ozone Generator Plant for Water Treatment]
Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),World-Class Steel Structure Building Warehouse Workshop Stoage (TW1040J).DIN 7/16 L29 Female Low Pim RF Coaxial Load Connector 100W. USP/SP[Wholesale Scented Flavor Flower Herbal Tea]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Tomato Paste Making Machine-Turn Key Solution: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ 49]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Tunnel Pretreatment Ysstem for Powder Coating Line]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h]
Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Automatic Four Colors Label Screen Printing Machine UV PCB PVC Printing Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller]
Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate]
Vegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper, String Pulling Food Slicer and Chopper, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:HPMC Similiar to Tylose Powder for Rapid-Set Adhesive, Part I.NPT Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Yangtze 12V 100ah Lithium Ion 10kw Solar Recharge Battery]
a PU Casting Machine PU Foam Strip Sealing Machine for Cabinets/PU Foam Making Machine/Polyurethane Sealing Strip/PU Gasket Making Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Selling Solidwood Viola Wholesale Price Viola.Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel, 175-184[Indoor or Outdoor Security Surveillance Fake Analog Camera]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Csm DIY Microscope for Kids/Toy Microscope]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Tubes Sintering Pure SS316 Powder Industrial Metal Filter for Water Filtration. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Bulk Packing 20kg Double Plastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Butter (Peanut Paste)]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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