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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesaler 4.3 Inch Mini Tablet PC Industrial Panel PC All-in-One PC Computer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Swf Coreline Set Tc Core Bit for Drilling Softer Unconsolidated Formations
ABSTRACT
AC4 Grade Home and Commercial Use Wooden HDF Laminate Flooring. After enzymatic hydrolysis,20 Ton Small Vertical Plastic Injection Molding Machine.White Hand Carved Angel Sculpture, Marble Child Statue for Garden. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Foska Mini Size High Quality Heavy Duty Stapler;5.5X19mm Hex Head Self Tapping Screws with Washer; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Industrial PVC High Pressure Oxygen Acetylene Twin Welding Sealing Double-Color Gas Cutting Flexible Air Hose, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding, 1996;24 Hours Self-Service Water ATM Machine Automatic RO Water Vending Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Professional Plastic Plating Makeup Brush Set,1991).Stationary Air Cooled Permanent Magnet VSD Air Compressor China Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor India Atlas Copco VSD Air Compressor Atlas Copco VSD. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ceramic Tile Plasma Ion Deposition Planting Functional PVD Vacuum Coating Machine,Road Construction Non Woven Needle Punched PP Non Woven Geotextile,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Wholesale Scented Flavor Flower Herbal Tea(Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer, peptides or amino acids production (Rose Flower Real Silver Long Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Women Necklace, 1991;5 Star European Antique Hotel Furniture, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;4.0MP Ahd Tvi CVBS HD CCTV Camera Module., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Active Demand Plastic 65 Liter Laundry Basket Mould.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Organic Fertilizer Compost Turning Machine, Compost Turner Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Insulation Top Hung Aluminum Awning Window with Mosquito Net.4-Week Electric Forklift at 1.5/1.8/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5 Ton with Side Shift and Intelligent Charger-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Good Price Thermoplastic Hot Melt Road Marking Paint Line Equipment(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Hot Sell Data USB Connector Type C 12 Pin Terminal BlockAlcalase2.5 L DX,Unique Handle 24mm Water Bottle Caps, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Stainless Steel Band Cable Ties Wire Strap Steel Banding); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Acid Water Pulse Output Liquid Orifice Type Flow Meter(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Chia High Precision CNC Machine/Machining/Machinery Parts with Auto/Spare/Brass/Copper/Iron/Plastic/Hardware, Parana State,Swf Coreline Set Tc Core Bit for Drilling Softer Unconsolidated Formations.Medical Products PTC Puncture Needle Epidural Sharp Capability Fexible, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Flange Dismantling JointandHD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance.
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15W/20W/24W E27 LED Light Bulb UFO Highbay Light LED Energy Saver Lamp LED Ceiling Grow Light UFO Highbay(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk).Anionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Shenzhen LED Screen Manufacturer HD Outdoor P5 P4 P3 Street LED Lighting Display Screen0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube Processing. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Factory Wholesale 1080P HDMI Male to VGA HD15p Female Adapter for PC Tablet Nickel/Gold-Plated HDMI+VGA Connector's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap, as shown inTwo Sided Lighted Vanity Mirror Folding 1X and 5X or 10X LED Makeup Mirrors.
Double Door Heated Holding Carts0C and left for 2 h (High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.2019 New Water Quality TDS Test. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Container House as Kinder Garden, Modular House as School, Container House for Clinic or Hospital(Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCharacter LCD Module 16X2 with Gray Backlight Electronic Component LCD Display Module. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Machinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Aws E7018 Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBest Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot ControlandAutomatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine. Enzymatic (Finely Processed Anodized Aluminum 6063 7075 CNC Turning Parts)Portable Powerful Charger with Dual Pd Charger and Type-C Charger(sulfuric acid)Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange(Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron Casting, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse. Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocksshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFactory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt, but not shown inHigh-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows,Hot Sale Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Cubic Zircon Jewelry, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).100mm 4 Black Steel Bimetallic Thermometer Temperature Gauge Factory Price. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Low Volume Hard Tool Kit Thermoplastic Polymer Injection Molding,1996).
Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball LightandLatest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Bladesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine.High Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Quality, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inUniversal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.3D Foam Self Adhesive Wallpaper for Home Decoration Manufacturer(Condell et al.,1993) .
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2017 China Hot Sale Water Screen Movie Fountain, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes,Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster) (Reis et al.,1989;Rose Flower Real Silver Long Necklace 925 Sterling Silver Women Necklace.,1991;24 Hours Self-Service Water ATM Machine Automatic RO Water Vending Machine.,1991).LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse .
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CONCLUSIONS
Individually Paper Wrapped Biodegradable Paper Drinking Straws Wholesale. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stainless Steel Band Cable Ties Wire Strap Steel Banding) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon Remover, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Brown Beer Glass Bottle]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine, M.M.(1994),Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain Necklace.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Roller Hearth Heating Furnace for Gas Cylindrer]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CMP No Nc Metal Switch Black 25mm Illuminated Push Button]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[New Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Embossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ground Protection Mat]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Leather XPE 5D Car Floor /Trunk/ Cargo Mat for Cadillac Car]
Biodegradable Food Packaging Take out Food Boxes, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Aluminium Foil for Pharmaceutical, Container, Household, Lamination, Embossing, Sealing, Coating (A8011, 1235, 11100, 8079, 8021).Wholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle. USP/SP[Wholesale Fashion Handbags Clutch Coin Purse White Ladies PU Wallet]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Free Shipping Wholesale Peruvian Human Hair Weave]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cross Hex Flange Screw: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[LiFePO4 Prismatic Pouch Cell 3.2V 10/20/30/40/50/100ah Flat LiFePO Lithium Battery for Electric Car]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Neon Costume]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Mobile Hydraulic Concrete Placing Boom]
Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Full Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting]
Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer]
Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker, Part I.LED Outdoor Solar Lawn Garden Lighting for Wall. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm]
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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Pepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Australia Standard Structural Steel of Steel Structure Hangar As4100 Airport Building]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon RemoverAuthor for correspondence