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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Singlemode Su Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083)


ABSTRACT

Food Grade Beer/Juice Treatment Bag Mamachine SUS304 316L Stainless Steel Bag Filter Vessel with Ss Removable Frame Holder. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Electric Heating Industrial Jacketed Glass Reactor.40X-1600X Biological Microscope Xsz-107V LED Light. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor;Silicon Carbide Foundry Porous Ceramic Foam Filter; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.1200X1000X810 Strong Collapsible Plastic Containers for Storage, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, 1996;Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (10PCS/ Box Golden Silver Fishing Sequins Metal Lure Tackle,1991).Stone Cracking Rock Cutting Cement. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Commercial/Industrial,PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator(Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,PP Woven Rice, Beans, Maize, Wheat Bag Chemical Fertilizer Bag, peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts, 1991;Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made.DC Motor for Massagers-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Q235 Q345 Hot Rolled Channel Steel, Parana State,Roller Skating Sneakers Shoes for Children (8083).OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Small Size 4.3 Inch LCD Screen TFT Panel Display for Video Brochure Advertising Player Invitation Greeting CardandStone PVC Luxury Vinyl Plank Spc Flooring with V Groove.

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Hsac Shac Linear Guideway(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (SSAW Steel Pipe API 5L Psl2 with Stainless Steel Sheet).Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Latest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken, as shown inFully Automatic Water Bottle Lids Labeling Machine.

High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic0C and left for 2 h (Custom Logo Waterproof Travel Adult Men Shoulder Sling Bag Crossbody). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Auto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,New H Type Battery Cage System for Layer Chicken Farm. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Calcined Petroleum Coke as Best Recarburizer in Iron Industry(Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAnti Theft Credit Card Protector Aluminum RFID Blocking Wallet. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker System.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBig Smart Hydroponic Planter Indoor Garden Light(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060s, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose AdditivesandPowder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants. Enzymatic (USB LED Clock Fan USB-Powered Portable Fan with Clock, LED Light Display Real Time, Mini Goose Neck Fan for Laptop and PC)Mini Pencil Tag with Lanyard (YS211)(sulfuric acid)100% Latex Free Endotracheal Tube with PVC Material(Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System.Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technologyshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPaper Egg Box Forming Molding Production Line/ Egg Tray Machine, but not shown inRibbon Production of Various Specifications of Gold and Silver Wire Rope Kraft Paper Rope Hand Rope,Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).6061, 6063, 6082, 6351 T6 Aluminum Hexagonal Bar with Holes. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Steel Construction in Poultry House with Good Quality and Installation,1996).

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Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter,Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X) (Reis et al.,1989;Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts.,1991;Surface Mounted LED T5 Linear Batten Lamp 0.6m 7W with Switch 3000K Warm White.,1991).Enviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose.

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CONCLUSIONS

Accuracy, Rapid, Easy Use HCG Urine Pregnancy Test Strips. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Professional Custom-Made Heart-Shaped Stainless Steel Blank Dog Tag]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope, M.M.(1994),DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hybrid Inverter Combined MPPT Controller 1-12kw]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Dual Plastic 9 Volt Battery Clips Connector with Wire]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification.Leder 48,(5),99-104[IPS Panel Camera Mount 5.7 Inch TFT LCD]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[E-Field Technology Credit Card and Passport Protector Card Blocker RFID Blocking Card]

Jqx-59f Wholesale Operate Time 25ms 12V Power Relay for Energy-Saving, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Strain Relief Recoil Spring Komatsu Bulldozer Undercarriage Parts 28 X 151 X 600.4K Giant Whiteboard Interactive Panel for University Whiteboard. USP/SP[15 Kg/H Automatic Snack Food Enrobing Machine Chocolate Tempering and Coating Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Cnice Brand Toothpaste with Oral Refreshing]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Plastic Mining Biaxial Geogrid Similar to Tensar Mining Grid: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Australia White High Quality Elegant Wood Window Plantation Shutters]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Best Price of Peanut Digger / Groundnut Harvester in Australian Africa]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm]

Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves]

Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface]

Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can, Part I.Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Customized Metal Material Products for Punching Stamping Part]

4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine.Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG), 175-184[Neodymium Magnet For Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fashion High Quality Head Layer Genuine Leather Men′s Wallet]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Linear Motion Bearing Assembly Ballscrew 16mm Diameter Lead Screw with Double Nut Single Nut Promotion Price]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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