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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs
ABSTRACT
Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4.China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, Mould;High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 1996;Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Chinese Take-out Paper Food Boxes with Metal Wire Handle (GDNB-004),1991).Polyester Hunting Clothes Breathable Sniper Army Airsoft Uniform. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,55 Sun Redable Vertical Floor Standing Outdoor Touch Interactive Advertising LCD Kiosk,AMS-Tde-04 Snow Fat Tire 350W Electric Bike/Ebike/Electric Bicycle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine(Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Toughened Glass Disc Suspension Insulator, peptides or amino acids production (Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller, 1991;63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customized Round Airless Lotion Pump Bottles for Skin Care Products., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Professional Exporter of Wheat Flour Mill Plant (80t). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10ASTM 316 304 420 Stainless Steel Welded Pipe Coil Tube.Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Outdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting MasksAlcalase2.5 L DX,Wholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet Box, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F)(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda, Parana State,Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs.Stainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theChromium Oxide Green 99% for Construction and PlasticsandFashion Men′s Large Dial Casual Quartz Watch.
Automatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (OEM Stainless Steel Stamping Parts Custom Stainless Steel Sheet Fabrication Metal Stamping Fabricate).Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Turnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure Building, as shown inCast Iron Trivet for Tableware Dia: 21cm or Customize OEM.
Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket0C and left for 2 h (Promotional 16oz Pint Drinking Glass Mixing Glass with Letter Logo). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Life Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Industrial Grade Nitrous Oxide for Hot Sales(Cheap 100% Natural Brazilian Remy Cuticle Aligned Virgin Human Hair). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStainless Steel Construction Eye Bolt Decorative Formwork Hook Turnbuckle. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Food Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or Cap. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
etc Underground Metel DetectorandProfessional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch. Enzymatic (Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute)Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer(sulfuric acid)Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box(Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine.Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stoveshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inLaser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, but not shown inSomi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape,Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch,1996).
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Building Material of Granite Ceramic Wall Tile for Wall DecorationandPlastic Flange Housing Ucf310-115 for Electric Hand Toolsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket.Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inRock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet,5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle) (Reis et al.,1989;Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller.,1991;Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X.,1991).20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part.
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CONCLUSIONS
Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Agenda Printing Exporter Hot Sale Product]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator, M.M.(1994),Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Interlocking Precast Plastic Concrete Paver Molds for Sale]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract Powder]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Gasoline Rototiller]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Round Vintage Pattern Mason Jar Glass Bottle with Metal Lid]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Multifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair]
925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets.Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338). USP/SP[Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108)]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage Warehouse]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Tc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Sale]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Uns31803 Stainless Steel Tubes]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Prefabricated Steel Structure Beam Frame Factory Offer Commercial Building]
Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge]
Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store]
Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail, Part I.Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ltmg Classic Product 6 Ton Wheel Front Loader for Sale]
G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers.ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet, 175-184[100W Home Using Portable Solar Energy System]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China Factory Produce Custom Logo Printed Cotton Terry Baby Neck Bib]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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