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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP
ARTICLES
Garvenment Projector High Mast Stadium Lighting High Power Lamp Outdoor LED Flood Light with 400 Watts, 5700 Kelvin, 277 Volts, 60 Hz
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses
ABSTRACT
China Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Factory Supply Coaxial Cable Rg 59 with Messenger, HDMI Cable.5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Clear PVC Roof Frame Tent in South Africa;High Sticky Tissue Paper Solvent Adhesive Double Sided Tape (DTS511); chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Bend Pipe for Industrial Use, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, 1996;Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (ISO 7241-a Bsp Hyaulic Quick Coupling Hose Connectors,1991).Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Single Mode Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 12& 16& 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable Price,Cheap Rapid Prototype Leather Logo Stamping Mould, Hot Runner Mold with Beryllium Copper,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Watermrk Drop in Bathroom Basin Sink(Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,OEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part, peptides or amino acids production (15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine, 1991;Flange Type Ball Float Water Tank Control Valve, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Luxury Gorgeous Nail Ring., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Men Underwear Boxer Briefs Cotton Regular Mens Boxer Briefs Underwear.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Customized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signs. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Small Table CNC Marble Engraver for Stone.High Quality Thymosin Beta 4 Acetate Tb-500 Acetate 77591-33-4-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Soundproof Construction Foam PVC/WPC Board(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, MouldAlcalase2.5 L DX,High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Gradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Auto Parts Cross Propeller Shaft for Mercedes Benz 12062X, Parana State,Men Women Spring Hinges Reading Glasses Classic Real Wood Finish Readers +1.0~+4.0 Plastic Eyeglasses.Chinese Take-out Paper Food Boxes with Metal Wire Handle (GDNB-004), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDesktop Single Wave Soldering Machine/Wave Soldering MachineandSuper Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes.
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Polyester Hunting Clothes Breathable Sniper Army Airsoft Uniform(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle).55 Sun Redable Vertical Floor Standing Outdoor Touch Interactive Advertising LCD Kiosk(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%AMS-Tde-04 Snow Fat Tire 350W Electric Bike/Ebike/Electric Bicycle0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Toughened Glass Disc Suspension Insulator. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Yaye 18 Hot Sell 3 Years Warranty 70W LED Solar Street Light Lamp with 9100lm & Remote Controller's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)63A/105A CNC Plasma Metal Laser Cutting Machine 20mm Sheet Cutter, as shown inFurniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price.
Customized Round Airless Lotion Pump Bottles for Skin Care Products0C and left for 2 h (High Speed Plastic PE Single Wall Corrugated Hose Pipes Extruder Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Round Shape Dinner Football Gift Bowl with Cover Plate. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Professional Exporter of Wheat Flour Mill Plant (80t). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'ASTM 316 304 420 Stainless Steel Welded Pipe Coil Tube(5ml Parfum Kenka Caneta Aluminium DOT Anodized Compact Glass Refillable Bottle Empty Pump Atomizing Spray Perfume Bottle). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inConnecting Steel Punching Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Food Waste Composting China Supplier Organic Compost Machine/Organic Fertilizer Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Aluminum Alloy Rack for Conductor, Wire, Cable. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOutdoor Accessories Fishing Hunting Masks(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cast Floating Ball Valve China Manufacturer (GAQ41F), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/PLC Control Aluminum Tin Can Filling Sealing Machine/Line/Equipment/Canning Machine for Beer and Soda, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Wholesale Custom Hair Brush Comb Fsc Wood Hair Brush with Pet BoxandStainless Steel Main Pipe Tee Joint for Railway Piping System. Enzymatic (Automatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container)Wholesale Promotion Snack Children School Lunch Bag Cooler Bag(sulfuric acid)Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b(Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Full Automatic Paper Lunch Food Box Carton Forming Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Single Core Solid Copper Conductor Rg Coaxial Cable.Custom Make Promotional Gift Agenda Diary Notebooks as Your Company Logoshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Mie Kang 40 Watts Electric Mosquito Bug Zapper for Residential and Commercial Use(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChemical HPMC Kraft Paper Bag with PP Woven Fabric Laminated, but not shown inColorful Braided Fabric Cable Round,Turnkey Colour Cladding Commercial Use Prefabricated Steel Structure Building, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Baby Clothes Wear Fleece Baby Bunting Onesie Jacket. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Ybz-E16f20 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pumps,1996).
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Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motorand5 Star European Antique Hotel Furnitureshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Life Size 170cm Silicone Sex Dolls Real Love Doll for Male.Reflective Sheeting Material for Licence Plate, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inOEM Activewear Dry Fit Custom Printed Yoga Wear Wholesale Sexy Fitness Gym Sports Yoga Leggings, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Industrial Grade Nitrous Oxide for Hot Sales(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Latest Solid Fuel Lightweight Folding Stoves Outdoor BBQ Portable Wood Stove with Mesh Stainless Steel Backpack Camping Stove, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Food Grade 40ml 100ml Pudding Glass Bottle Mini Milk Bottle with Cork or Cap,Fire Alarm Detector 24VDC Reflective Beam Detector. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover) (Reis et al.,1989;15L Big Cooling Cylinder High Production Hard Ice Cream Machine.,1991;Good Quality Snow White Pumpkin Seeds for Sale.,1991).Wholesale Cosmetic Refillable Plastic Perfume Spray Bottle(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Automatic Mini Bag Spices Small Salt Packing Packaging Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
No 55 Steel Wire Cross Type Razor Barbed Wire. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitive) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hydraulic Dump]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Professional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch, M.M.(1994),Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Supply New 4X2 Foton 3ton One Tow Two Road Recovery Towing Wrecker Tow Truck]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Polished Quartz Disc]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152]
Heidemann, E.(1997),IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Gypsum Mortar Spraying Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stainless Steel Band Cable Ties Wire Strap Steel Banding]
Atlas Copco 30kVA 50kVA 100kVA 150kVA 200kVA Diesel Generator, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine.Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel. USP/SP[Full Prints PU Small Cute Summer Edition Girls′ Kiss Lock Coin Purse]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Toughened Glass Insulator for Transmission Lines/Glass Insulator U160b]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Forpro Single-Sided Wall Formwork for Construction Building]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Countersunk Head Hollow Bolt]
Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Adjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball Cap]
Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Tan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330)]
Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom, Part I.Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China]
Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet.5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery, 175-184[P4/P5/P6/P8/P10/P16 Outdoor SMD Full Color Advertising LED Screen Display]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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