ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Plastic Water Gas Supply Cable Protect PE LDPE HDPE Pipe Extrusion Machine Line Single Screw Extruder. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Manufacturer Cheap Custom High Precision Spiral Compression Phone Clock Stationery Small Torsion Mechanical Metal Micro Pressure Spring.300ml Clear Hot Water Packing Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap and Silicon Sleeve. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, 1996;Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper,1991).Tractor Mounted Beach Cleaning Equipment Large Size. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,100gr Perfume Quality Underwear Laundry Soap/ Anti-Bacterial Soap,Jaw Plate and Toggle Plate for Jaw Crusher Wearing Parts Spare Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,PP Coated Pipe Machine Extruder Machine(Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China Motorcycle Wheel Balancer Micro Precision Dynamic Portable Balco Wheel Balance Manual Bubble Wheel Balancer Spare Parts, peptides or amino acids production (Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances, 1991;Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Metal Sheet Fabrication Hexagon Hole Punching with Galvanized Surface., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Multi Column Load Cell 100kg, 20t.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-LCD Screen Hanging Truss/Stage Light Stand/Truss Lift Tower System. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Marine Equipment Ship Ventilation Mushroom Ventilator Used in Ship Deck.Foldable PP Plastic Storage Logistics Turnover Box-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Deep Drawing Aluminum/Aluminium Disc/Circle Cookware/Utensile/Lighting Usage with Good Flatness 1050/1060/1070/1100/3003/3005(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Beauty Salon Equipment Anti Wrinkle Removal CO2 Laser Machine, Parana State,Automatic Bread Crumb Processing Line and Making Extruder Machine.Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAdjustable UV Protection Brim Plain Snapback Transparent Baseball CapandTan Color Strip Aluminum and Glass Mosaic for Wall (M855330).

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Gaogong Group Permanent Suspended Overband Magnetic Separator for Conveyor Belt(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (1000 Gallon Stainless Steel Wine Conical Jacket Storage Fermenter Vessel Brewery Brignt Beer Fermentation Tank).CNC Machine Aluminum Telescopic Covers Flat Bellows Cover(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Wholesale Price Decorative Wrought Iron Stairs Aluminium Metal Garden Fence⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Kubota Combine Harvester Spare Parts 5h484-2392 Nut. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Nellcor SpO2 Extension Sensor Cable 5 Core SpO2 Adapter Cable's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)HVAC Contactor /Air Conditioner Contactor /Definite Purpose Contactor, as shown inCATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH.

Steel Floor Deck Post Cutting Cold Roll Forming Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (A4 Diploma Covers Wholesale with Silver Foil). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Similar Kavo8000b Fiber Optic Turbine with Water Volume Adjustable Coupling (KV180). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Fluorous Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Sinotruk Spare Parts Differential Planetary Gear with Part No. Az9231320152(Fudan Compatible Card 1k RFID Card 13.56MHz). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBaby Feeding Breast Milk Bags. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,280-350-500-550ml Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve (Customized Design Pattern).

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%PS Foam Disposable Fast Food Box Making Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avK Helical Bevel Gearboxes Reducer Motor(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ecofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fashion Buttons Clothing Accessories Eco-Friendly Nickel-Free Metal Blue Button, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Custom Free Logo Design Cheap Hand Flag (NF01F02021), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

800lb 1/2 A105 Thread Forged Steel Globe Valveand125kHz RFID Card 13.56MHz Proximity Card Blank Thin Card. Enzymatic (Ultra Slim Crystal Seashell Design Shockproof Phone Cases for iPhone X)RJ45 Cat5e in-Line Coupler Modular Jack(sulfuric acid)Amazon Inserts Electric Fireplace with Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture(Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052.Rj11shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSs316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps, but not shown inVegetable Cutter Kitchen Gadget 330ml Mini Size Handy Pull Chopper,DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Galvanized Steel Overhead Highway Signage Platforms Grating Trench Cover,1996).

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304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4),Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion) (Reis et al.,1989;Super Sintered NdFeB Strong Permanent Magnetic Bar Magnet for Appliances.,1991;Sintered NdFeB Ring Magnets for Various Loudspeakers with RoHS Approved.,1991).350mm Diamond Blade for Granite(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts.

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CONCLUSIONS

Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Duplex Stainless Steel Floating Ball Valve) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New Arrival Plush Animal Ride for Kids for Shopping Center, M.M.(1994),Professional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[HD Night Vision IR Laser Camera with PTZ for 1200m Surveillance]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[PVC Tk4100 125kHz RFID Printing Plastic Student ID Cards]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-(JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Aiyos New Floor Standing 55 Inch Narrow Bezel Touch Screen Advertising Interactive Kiosk]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Two Sided Lighted Vanity Mirror Folding 1X and 5X or 10X LED Makeup Mirrors]

Heidemann, E.(1997),6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bertoia Side Chair]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality D400 FRP / SMC / Fiberglass / Composite Lockable Watertight Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124]

Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, AAC Block Making Machine.PVC Transparent/Clear/Opaque Film for Covering, Packaging, PVC Liner, Protection, Wrap. USP/SP[Ring Caps &Plastic Tube Pop Novelties]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ Noiseless) Cracking Agent (SCA) for Breaking Rocks]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Small Meat Grinder]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt]

Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows]

Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Compost Turner Machine]

Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Mason Cup Frosted Drink Bottle Juice Glass Mason Jar, Part I.Green Color PVC Anti Dazzle Panel. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light]

ISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),XL-21 Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet.Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter, 175-184[Crc Overlay Wear Plate Flux Cored Welding Wirewire]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Latest Fashion Best-Selling Marble Slab Cutting Saw Blades]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Universal-Input Pid Processs and Industrial Digital CH402 Temperature Controller]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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