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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Cold Rolled Coated Aluminum Coils 3003 H24 /1060/3004/5052. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter
ABSTRACT
DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194).High Quality Brushless DC Electric Motor for Industrial Deduster. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;China Factory Light Soda Ash /Sodium Carbonate;Regular Size Cigarette Rolling Papers; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), 1996;Junior Backyard Training Practise Soccer Goal Net., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (350mm Diamond Blade for Granite,1991).Custom Welding Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Welding Parts. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Unbreakable 60W 140lm/W 2*1500mm LED Waterproof IP65 Linear Light Lamp,Laser ID Card Rigid PET Printing Sheet,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,New Arrival Plush Animal Ride for Kids for Shopping Center(Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Professional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine, peptides or amino acids production ((JC-3080) High Quality Clothing Wash Care Ultrasonic Label Cutting Machine, 1991;Ss316 Stainless Steel Heavy Duty Straps, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;6X420mm Headband Binocular Loupes Dental Magnification Surgical Lightweight Hesperus., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Temperature Side Opening AAC Autoclave, AAC Block Making Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-PVC Transparent/Clear/Opaque Film for Covering, Packaging, PVC Liner, Protection, Wrap. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Multifunctional 3 in 1 E-Light Dpl IPL +Picosure + RF for Tattoo Removal & Hair Removal & Skin Rejuvenation.Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized, PTFE Spring Energized Seal-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:1929 Weifang Huamei Home Use Handy Skin Care IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Digital Converter 110VAC 60Hz to 220VAC 50Hz Sine Wave Frequency Inverter, Parana State,High Quality Disposable Blood Transfusion Set with Filter.Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOak Veneer Laminated Plywood for DecorationandBlank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women.
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High Pressure Hose & Hydraulic Hose SAE 100r1at/ DIN En853 1sn(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Double Door Heated Holding Carts).TUV Certificate High Quality Single Core PV1-F PV Solar Cables(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Our Factories 20 Years′ Experience Direct Factory Prices Building Fasteners0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Cast Steel Dual Plate Wafer Check Valve0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Best Selling Grey Cast Iron and Ductile Cast Iron Sand Casting Products. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mining Machinery Stone Crusher Bowl Liner Cone Crusher Parts's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hot Sale 840 Type PPGI Color Steel Roofing Sheets, as shown inStainless Steel Movable Storage Tank for Cosmetics Chemicals with ASME Certificates.
FTTH Drop Fiber Optic Fiber Mechanical Splice Cold Fast Connector0C and left for 2 h (Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CATV Indoor Optical Receiver FTTH. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Best Sell 16L Square Dustbin Frame Mould. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Polypropylene/Polyethylene Woven Geotextile Fabric for Weed Barrier/Mat/Ground Cover(EV Car Charger Connector Type SAE J1772/IEC 62196-1 USA Standard 16A 32A 70A 5 Meter for Electric Vehicle Connection). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in50W Outdoor Effect Light LED Garden Decoration Light. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2019 Hot Sales Beauty Products Brush Egg Facial Blush Brush Makeup Brush.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Buttock Enhancement Injection Hyaluronic Acid Korea Dermal Filler 10ml&20ml. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPVDF Exterior Design Curved Aluminum Panel(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale Metal Hair Brushes Pet Dog Cat Comb for Removing Louse Flea Tick0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Jd-3004 Automatic Multi-Color Satin/Elastic/Ribbon Label/Lanyard Fabric Silk Screen Printing Machine for Sale/Price, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Pulling Force Rotatable Rare Earth Crane Magnet Hook, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Gear Rack and Pinion for Construction Hoistand1g, 2g, 5g, 20g Silica Gel Desiccant for Food Products. Enzymatic (Blank Custom Fitness Leggings Women High Waisted Compression Yoga Leggings for Women)High-Performance Thermal Break Profiles Aluminium for Doors and Windows(sulfuric acid)Design Luxury Moon Cake Box with Hot Stamp Logo(Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Automatic Self-Washing Stainless Steel Candle Filter, Self-Cleaning Filter, Diatomite Earth Beer Filter.High Density Crust Foam Board/Celuka Boardshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Custom LCD Video Brochure Card/Video Greeting/Wedding Card/Video Business Card(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in240T goodeng water/oil/gas pipe drilling rig HDD machine, but not shown inProfessional IPL Shr E-Light Opt Diode Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine,Customized Logo Outdoor Hanging Swinging Camping Hammock, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).EPDM 1/4′′ X 50 Foot Red / Green Twin Hose with B B Fittings. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4),1996).
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Machinery Accessories Custom Foundry Steel Gray / Grey / Ductile Cast Iron Aluminum Sand Iron CastingandCustomized Outdoor Plastic Chrome Auto Logo Signsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Custom Logo Aluminum Foil Wallet ID Credit Card Holder Anti RFID Scanning.Hiwin Mgn Series Linear Guide Rail and Slide Block Mgn9h, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPortable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Metal Detector for Gold, Silver, etc Underground Metel Detector(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Abrasive Disc, Fiber Disc, Wood Polishing Disc, Metal Polishing Disc. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (ISO Approved Self-Cleaning Permanent Belt Magnetic Iron Ore Separator) for the financial support.
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Double Component Js Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Kitchen Bathroom, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fog Light For Motorcycle]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Free Shipping Wholesale Peruvian Human Hair Weave, M.M.(1994),Plastic Clear T-Shirt Retail Drinks Tea Coffee Coca Beverage Bags.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Beauty Salon Equipment Anti Wrinkle Removal CO2 Laser Machine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Reusable PLA and Pbat Tea Packing Pouch Supplier in China]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Oscillating Knife Cutting Machine EVA/Foam/Cardboard Cutter Plotter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Big Smart Hydroponic Planter Indoor Garden Light]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Printing Pure Color Women Fitness Wear. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Butterfly Pn16 CF8m Water Dual Flap Flapper Type Wafer Check Valve.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ecg Trunk Cable And Leads For Patient Monitor]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Chia High Precision CNC Machine/Machining/Machinery Parts with Auto/Spare/Brass/Copper/Iron/Plastic/Hardware]
Three-Dimensional 3D Fashion Design Wall Covering Material PVC Wallpaper, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Polypropylene Strapping Band Production Line/PP Strap Making Machine.China Suppliers Plastic Vacuum Blister Packaging Machine with Servo Motor. USP/SP[304L Stainless Steel U Channel Good Performance]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Deep Drawing Aluminum Circle /Disc for Cookwares 1050 1060 1100 3003]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain Necklace]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.well-pcb.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[XL-21 Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet]
500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),White Iron Wear Crusher Blades 63HRC-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[12.5mva Transformer 12500kVA 33kv 35kv Power Transformer]
500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Felt Disc Polishing Sanding Disc with Wool Felt Diam]
500ml Blue Glass Beer Bottle with Crown Cap, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Inclined Plate Sedimentation Tank Lamella Clarifier with Chemical Dosing System, Part I.Stone Carving Flower Pot for Garden Decoration. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Waterfall Strobe Garden Curtain Cooper Outdoor Patio Christmas Solar Decoration Light]
2018 New Fashion Men Canvas Messenger Bag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Purity Sodium Bicarbonate with White Powder Type.1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting X 6 8 10 12mm Od Barb Hose Tail Reducer Fitting Multi Size Stainless Steel 304, 175-184[Big Oven For Baking]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Stainless Steel Long Handle Spoons for Ice Cream Tea Coffee Dessert]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),IP65 Outdoor Solar Flood Lamp with Battery for Commercial. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Standard Industrial Double Nut Ball Screw Dfu Series]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Modern Dining Garden Outdoor Camping Beach Party Folding Plastic ChairAuthor for correspondence