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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Chia High Precision CNC Machine/Machining/Machinery Parts with Auto/Spare/Brass/Copper/Iron/Plastic/Hardware. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Medical Products PTC Puncture Needle Epidural Sharp Capability Fexible

ABSTRACT

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Key words;Shenzhen LED Screen Manufacturer HD Outdoor P5 P4 P3 Street LED Lighting Display Screen;High Quality of 2000W Fiber Laser Tube Cutting Machine for Metal Sheet Tube Processing; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Wholesale 1080P HDMI Male to VGA HD15p Female Adapter for PC Tablet Nickel/Gold-Plated HDMI+VGA Connector, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap, 1996;Double Door Heated Holding Carts., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2019 New Water Quality TDS Test,1991).Top Furniture Hotel Dining Furniture Metal Hotel Table Chair. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Container House as Kinder Garden, Modular House as School, Container House for Clinic or Hospital,Machinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Aws E7018 Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode(New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Best Price Graphite Electrode with 4 Tpi Nipple RP HP UHP 200-600mm for Smelting, peptides or amino acids production (Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector, 1991;Liquor/Spirits/Vodka/Whisky/Rum/Water/Brandy/Xo/Wine Glass Bottle with Clear Glass, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Painted G80 Cargo Lashing Chain with Hooks., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Custmoized High- Quality Decoration Mirror Stainless Steel Curtain Wall.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Automatic Feeding Customized Multi Layers Shirts Cutting Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Finely Processed Anodized Aluminum 6063 7075 CNC Turning Parts.Portable Powerful Charger with Dual Pd Charger and Type-C Charger-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Flexible Vj Rigid Shaft Coupling for Pipe Flange(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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High Speed Steel Mill Roll with High Quality(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (DIN1478 Closed Body Jaw Jaw Wire Rope Turnbuckle).3D Foam Self Adhesive Wallpaper for Home Decoration Manufacturer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%2017 China Hot Sale Water Screen Movie Fountain⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Super Quality ESD Soft-Soled Shoes Safety Shoes Cleanroom Anti-Static Boots Work Shoes⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)LED Neon Flex IP67 Waterproof Silicone DIY Neon LED Strip's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse , as shown inEmbossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O.

Individually Paper Wrapped Biodegradable Paper Drinking Straws Wholesale⁰C and left for 2 h (Lamella Clarifier in Sewage Tretament Plant for Water Purification). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Latest New Hho Engine Oil Carbon Remover. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Wood Chips Rotary Dryer Sawdust Pellet Drying Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Delicate Handmade Round Natural Stone Chain Necklace(Interlocking Precast Plastic Concrete Paver Molds for Sale). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFm Am Radio Antenna. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Biobase China Vertical Type-Double Doors -25º C Freezer for Best Price.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Christmas Lifting Kinetic Lighting DMX Winch 3D Decorative LED Ball Light. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avEmbossed Aluminium/ Aluminum Household Foil 8011-O(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale Empty Perfume Bottle 10ml Cosmetic Roll on Bottle⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cross Hex Flange Screw, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Metric Female Flat Seat, One Piece Hose Fittings, Hose Fittings, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Epimedium/Horny Goat Weed Extract/C Yin Yang Huo Extract/Barrenwort Extract Lcariin/Epimedium Extract PowderandFull Color Indoor Outdoor LED Curtain TV Display. Enzymatic (High Quality Plastic Injection Mold Parts Square Interlocks Maker)LED Outdoor Solar Lawn Garden Lighting for Wall(sulfuric acid)3-Pin Australia Power Cord Plug with SAA(New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Sludge Oil Separation Centrifuge, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Sludge Oil Separation Centrifuge, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

8011 Aluminum Foil for Cap Used.Gasoline Rototillershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Pepper Peanut Sauce Colliod Miller Grinding Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Supply Chisel Plow Swedged Spike Tip Chisel Point for Agriculture, but not shown inMultifunctional Luxury Double SL 3D Zero Gravity Massage Chair,Gasoline Rototiller, Cultivator, Tiller Model Gtm-6, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).12.5mva Transformer 12500kVA 33kv 35kv Power Transformer. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (New Fashion Style Custom PU Leather Crossbody Women Tote Bags with Wide Strap,1996).

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Guangzhou Cheap Large Capacity 20X80m Industrial Storage WarehouseandTc/Sc/Tb/Sb Oil Seal Much Stock on Saleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Electronic Foldable for Patient Treatment Ent Unit Chair.Plastic Pushbutton Ultrasonic Spin Welding Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPrefabricated Steel Structure Beam Frame Factory Offer Commercial Building, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.500ml 1000ml Juice Drinking Beverage Glass Swing Top Bottle Bottles(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Double Shaft Paper Cardboard Waste Plastic Shredder Machine, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Paintcolor Brand Spray Booth Leading Manufacturer of Paint Spray Chamber for Over 15 Years with Highest Quality Standards,Desktop Single Wave Soldering Machine/Wave Soldering Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store) (Reis et al.,1989;Electrical Bike Waterproof Power Connector.,1991;Double Door Heated Holding Carts.,1991).Manufacturers White Dinnerware Set Fast Food Tray Bento Box(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Best Price Graphite Electrode HP 300mm UHP.

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CONCLUSIONS

Factory Price Skin Nourishing Auto Mts Micro Needle Therapy System Rechargeable A1. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Through Bolt Assy for Montabert Brh-501 Hydraulic Breaker Hammers) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wld8200 Auto Spray Paint Booth, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hot Sale Office Supplies PVC Lever Arch File Folder]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hot Sale SMD Outdoor P10 LED Display Screen for Advertising (OF10), M.M.(1994),Animal Carcass Incinerator Hospital Garbage Incinerator.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Bread Box Bamboo Large Capacity Roll Top Bread Holder Cupcake Storage Food Bin for Loaf Pastry Snacks]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ral9002 White Prepainted Galvanized Steel Coil Z275 for Building Material. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hot Forging Lathe Spindle Forged Spindle]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Density Crust Foam Board/Celuka Board. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Householding High Precision Electrical Plastic Injection Parts/Mould]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Mango Pulp Juice Processing Production Line.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Straddle Agv]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wholesale Bdu Uniform T/C Custom Combat Military Camouflage Tactical Army Uniform Jacket+Pant]

Acid Water Pulse Output Liquid Orifice Type Flow Meter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine.Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Creative Inlaid Ring. USP/SP[25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Jc680 High Temperature Pressure Transmitter]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Stainless Steel Long Handle Spoons for Ice Cream Tea Coffee Dessert: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Anionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant for Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Swing Pivot Pole]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows]

New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Candy Box Laser Marking Engraving Machine Scm2000 180W 250W-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[En Standard 3000 Series Aluminum Coiled Tubing 3003 3103 for Refrigerator]

New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Insulation Top Hung Aluminum Awning Window with Mosquito Net]

New Sexy Crystal Self Adhesive Resuable Nipple Cover, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:130kw 7 Degrees Scroll Type Industrial Water Chiller, Part I.Decals Logo Customized Bamboo Floor Container Plywood Floor Mini Side Open Containers. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape]

Factory Wholesale Melamine Garment Shop Furniture Design for Store, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Golden Galvanic Salon Use Eyes Lifting Acne Treatment Machine.Wholesale Comfortable Men′s Winter Leather Snow Boots, 175-184[Heat Transfer Machine Germany]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Mould Lifecycle: We Think About The Entire Life of The Mould.We Consider The Finishing]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale Highly Effective Scc628b Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Best Quality. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Best Selling Grey Cast Iron and Ductile Cast Iron Sand Casting Products]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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