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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-PP Woven Rice, Beans, Maize, Wheat Bag Chemical Fertilizer Bag. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts
ABSTRACT
Building Wall Machine for Hot Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Arrival Amazon Hot Style Printed Slip Dress for Women Summer.Metal Cuting CNC Plasma Cutting Machine (DW1325). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Scc750A High Speed Metal Processing Oil Metal Cutting Lubricant;Expanded Metal Infill Panel Metal Mesh Custom Made; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.DC Motor for Massagers, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, 1996;Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Good Quality Outdoor Music Wireless Cooler Speaker Box,1991).OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Anti Slip Fabric/Anti Slip Non Woven Carpet Underlay Backing Fabric,Q235 Q345 Hot Rolled Channel Steel,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,OEM Factory New Girls Nuts Crunch Cheap Price(High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hsac Shac Linear Guideway, peptides or amino acids production (Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses, 1991;Indoor LED Track Light (AP-TB30/AP-TB20/AP-TB10), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Pure Water Cutting Head Assy for Waterjet Cutting Machine., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Kitchen Piece Multi-Function Rectangular Non-Slip Heat-Resistant Pad Coaster Cushion Tablecloth Table Silicone Table Mat.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Latest Lace Fabric Design Logo Flag Embroidery Patch. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10China Economic Customized Design Steel Frame Farm Buildings Poultry Farm House for Chicken.High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Auto Parts Window Regulator Switch for Mercedes Benz 213 905 15 05(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Big Smart Hydroponic Planter Indoor Garden Light, Parana State,Aluminum Hot Forging Accessories Machining Parts.Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor FridgeandNeoprene Elbow Support.
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Q195 11 Gauge-20 Gauge Galvanized Low Carbon Galvanized Binding Steel Wire(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Melee Custom Plastic Mould New Design).Hot Selling Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%15L Diesel Hardware Tools Shop Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine 360W Jp-060s0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Powder Coating Paint Lines Systems for Factory /Plants0C for 2 h. After this treatment,USB LED Clock Fan USB-Powered Portable Fan with Clock, LED Light Display Real Time, Mini Goose Neck Fan for Laptop and PC. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mini Pencil Tag with Lanyard (YS211)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)100% Latex Free Endotracheal Tube with PVC Material, as shown inProfessional Stainless Steel Biological Fermentor.
Neodymium Magnet Pot Assembly with Strong Weight0C and left for 2 h (Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Grid Tie Solar Home Power System 5kw 6kw 8kw on Grid Solar Energy System. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,China Manufacturer of Venlo PC or Venlo Glass Greenhouse. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Artnet Node Artnet to DMX Controller(L Shaped Modular Kitchen Designs Kitchen Cabinet on Sale). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCompressor Parts Casting Factory OEM/ODM Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,6061, 6063, 6082, 6351 T6 Aluminum Hexagonal Bar with Holes.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Aviation Spare Parts CNC Machining Lathe Precision Titanium Alloy Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH102(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Headband for Girls0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Round Hole Carbon Steel Pipe Perforated for Filter, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Professional Manufacturer Stainless Steel Floor Grating, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber MaterialandEnviornment-Friendly Broken Stone Pattern Exterior Wall Decorative Panels. Enzymatic (Factory Food Grade PVC Plastic Polyester Fiber Reinforced Water Soft Hose)Accuracy, Rapid, Easy Use HCG Urine Pregnancy Test Strips(sulfuric acid)Brand New Forklift with Double Front pneumatic Tire(High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Anaphylaxis Atrophic Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Laryngo-Pharyngitis Full HD Endoscope Camera for Ent Otoscope Ent Endoscope, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
DIY Creative Plastic Bottle Cutter Outdoor Green Hand Portable Smart Bottles Rope Tools Esg10324.3-Pin Australia Power Cord Plug with SAAshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inEcofriendly &Economic Jar Manufacture Cute Glass Handle Candy Jar, but not shown inHydraulic Electric Stationary Car Platform Scissor Elevator Lift,SGS and Halal Certificate Collagen Supplement Softgen Capsule Cash Commodity, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Speed Heavy Duty Customized Radio Shuttle Pallet Racking for Warehouse Storage,1996).
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Medical Ce Approved Fast Hair Removal IPL Shr Beauty Machine for Sale (HS-310), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Mj3210 Vertical Wood Cutting Band Saw Machine with Log Carriage for Log Planks/Lumber Cutting,Wholesale Wax Dry Herb Tank Container Glass Jar Cbd Thc Tin Can. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Best Price Wastewater Treatment STP Treat All Kinds of Sewage to Discharge Irrigation Reuse ) (Reis et al.,1989;Am/RF Glasses Tag Anti-Theft Optical Tag for Glasses.,1991;Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry.,1991).Practical Edible Silicone Kitchenware (YB-ty-29)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,4 Inch Quarter Round PCD Diamond Grinding Cup Wheel.
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CONCLUSIONS
High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker System) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Granite (JL-DBBG), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wall Plate Smart Home Wallplate Module Earphone]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hot Sale Smoking Accessories Silicone Smoking Pipes Tobacco Hand Pipes with Glass Bowl, M.M.(1994),99% Hatching Rate Newest Design 48 Eggs Chicken Incubator (YZ8-48).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Minimalist Slim Real Leather Front Pocket Card Wallet]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China 1 & 100 RMB Acrylic Currence Frame]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Spp Centrifugal Chemical Electric Mixed Flow Slurry Pump. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Air Purification Activated Alumina]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Cube Ice Maker Parts / Ice Machines Maker Cube. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[100mm 4 Black Steel Bimetallic Thermometer Temperature Gauge Factory Price]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Aluminium/Aluminum Casement Window with Break Bridge (FT-W108).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Extra Wide 1050/1060/1100/3003/5005 Aluminum Aluminium Plate for Truck Roofing]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom]
Dresser Coupling Ductile Iron Dismantling Joint Flexible Compensator, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),3D Adjustable American Market Cabinet Door Mini Hinge.Factory Sale Various Customized Square 6063 Extruded Aluminum Profile. USP/SP[Teal Blue Padded Bubble Mailer Envelopes]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Latex Free Olive Face Cut Makeup Sponge /Oval Makeup Sponge Not Makeup Remover Sponge]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Design 100% Silk Tie for Men: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Compostable Ecofriendly Ecosource Leakproof Bento Lunch Box]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pet Clear Rigid Film for Blister Packaging Medicine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Our Factories 20 Years′ Experience Direct Factory Prices Building Fasteners]
Portable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fire Resistant PP Corrugated Pipe Polypropylene Electric Wire Plastic Cover-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Parts LED Lamp Housing Radiator]
Portable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Laminate/Laminated Flooring Virgin Material Spc Unilin Floor Looks Like Lowest Price PVC Discount Wood Floor]
Portable Camping Parachute Nylon Double Green Hammock Tent with Mosquito Netting, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Cable, Part I.High Quality Nylon Back to Back Hook&Loop. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Custom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming]
Canned Fruit Peach Processing Plant, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate.Garden Furniture Sofa Rattan Modular Corner Set with Cushions, 175-184[400 Watt Co2 Laser Cutting Machine Suppliers for Sale]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[200m Diesel Oil Hydraulic Water Well Drilling Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stainless Steel Water Cream Bulk Storage Tank. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming MachineAuthor for correspondence