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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
1.8ml Clear Sample Vials with Label and PP Caps. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Factory Small Coil Compression Spring in High Quality.Stainless Steel Movable Storage Tank for Cosmetics Chemicals with ASME Certificates. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Premium Grade Export Best Price Organic Bulk Supply New Crop Hot Sale Pumpkin Kernel;Plastic Material Handling Dolly Platform Hand Trolley Truck; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Transparent 43/410 Soap Dispenser Hand Wash Pump Foam Pump, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 1996;99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (ATV Spiked Chain Harrow for Farming,1991).Galvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Wire Cbt-60. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Logo Waterproof Travel Adult Men Shoulder Sling Bag Crossbody,Fashionable Natural Bamboo Wood Sunglasses for Men,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Solar Powered Outdoor Lighting LED Solar Wall Light(Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Outdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs, peptides or amino acids production (9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate, 1991;OEM Thermal Break Aluminum Profile for Aluminum Windows, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.LED Bulb Light UFO Light Recruitment Distributor.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Ozone Generator Plant for Water Treatment. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10En Standard 3000 Series Aluminum Coiled Tubing 3003 3103 for Refrigerator.Free Assembly, Walking Machine, Home Fitness, Treadmill-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:CMC Transparent Grade for Coating Production(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Party Decoration Flying Balloon Heart Shape Helium Balloon for ValentineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Cold-Spray Road Line Marking Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Anti-Wrinkle Eye Cream Six Peptide Anti-Aging Serum Black Circle Cleaner); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Beautiful Smile Teeth Whitening Pen with 6% Hydrogen Peroxide Gel(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Carbon Steel Pipe Fitting Concentric Reducers Used for Pipe Diameter Changes, Parana State,Digger Spring for Excavator Machinery.2019 New Tuya Smart Wireless WiFi Smart Socket (PST-J2), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the6090 CO2 Sealed Glass Cooling Laser Cutting MachineandElastic Camouflage PU Leather Synthetic PVC for Down Jacket Coat.
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Mobile Phone Original LCD Touch Screen LCD Display for Samsung S8 Galaxy G950(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Professional Customization Screen Printing Machine for Porous Ceramic).Rock Tunnel Boring Machine for Natural Gas Pipeline(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%NPK+Te Fertilizer0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%C Purlin/C Steel Beam/ C Section Steel/ C Shaped Steel0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Customized Double Acting Hydraulic Cylinder for Excavator. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fashion High Quality Head Layer Genuine Leather Men′s Wallet's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Teal Blue Padded Bubble Mailer Envelopes, as shown inHigh Quaity China Supplier Truck Trailer Auto Car Accessories.
Medical Ultrasound Gel0C and left for 2 h (FPC Hotbar Soldering with Exposed Lead Flex for PCB Soldering). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Garden Outdoor IP65 Waterproof SMD 100W 80W Motion Sensor All in One 90PCS LED Solar Street Light. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Gear Rack and Pinion for Construction Hoist, Construction Spare Parts(Professional Exporter of Wheat Flour Mill Plant (80t)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSpunbond Polypropylene Nonwoven Mattress Fabric Cover. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Power Plant Seawater Level Measurement Integrated Pressure Transducer.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Melamine Paper Manufacturer for Decoration. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav2019 Earn Money Cabinet Games Coin Operated Tekken 7 Retro Japanese(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Tungsten Solid Carbide Straight 4/6 Flutes Reamer0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Customized Wire Harness for Various Application, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Ce Quality Double Channel Medical Syringe Pump (THR-SP180D)andCheap CNC Spindle Peeling Lathe for Steel Bar. Enzymatic (Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements)3 Years Warranty 3.2V 60ah 75ah 86ah 100ah 110ah 200ah Single LiFePO4 Battery Cell LiFePO4 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Cell for EV, E-Cars with Grade a(sulfuric acid)6063 Series Aluminium Extrusion Pipe in Hot Sell Made in China(Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Ent Treatment Medical Chair with Foot Control.Oscillating Knife Cutting Machine EVA/Foam/Cardboard Cutter Plottershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Quality Automatic High Speed Iron Wire Nail Concrete Steel Nail Forming Machine/Coil Nail Machine and Nail Thread Rolling Machine/Nail Twisting Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAutomatic Thermoforming Making Machine for Plastic Egg/Battery/Fruit/Cake/Fast-Food Tray Container, but not shown in20 40 Stainless Steel High Pressure Cartridge Filter Housing China Factory,New Leaf Shape Pearl Jewelry Wedding Tiara, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Starter Motor 0001367034 12V 3KW 9T for Mercedes. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes,1996).
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Korea Hot Sale 24K Goldzan Ampoule 99.9% Pure Gold Face EssenceandHigh Quality Beech Wood Chiavari Chair at a Competitiveshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-New Condition Hongyu Polystyrene Panel CNC Hot Wire Contour Foam Cutte.HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Additives, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inGradient Print Overlay Push Button Membrane Keypad Switch, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Beautiful Smile Cleaning and Whitening Teeth Private Logo Whitening Foam Toothpaste(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Tactical Outdoor Hunting Camouflage Rattlesnake Python Airsoft Shooter Suit, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.2019 Hiking Sleeping Folding Beach Air Sofa Lazy Bags,Customized Printed Decorative Mailing Bubble Bags in Bright Yellow Color for Envelopes Packaging. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Teflon Seal/Seals Spring Energized) (Reis et al.,1989;9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate.,1991;99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5.,1991).Large Diaper Bag Backpack, Mokaloo Anti-Water Maternity Nappy Bags Changing Bags with Insulated Pockets and Stroller(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Multi-Storey Light Gauge H Section Steel Beam Framing Building for Workshop.
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CONCLUSIONS
Water Chiller Air Cooled for Cooling Beer Refrigerating. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Anti-Wrinkle Eye Cream Six Peptide Anti-Aging Serum Black Circle Cleaner) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[DIY Modeling Clay Air Dry Play Dough Soft Light Magic Clay]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Q3210 Vibratory Polishing Shot Blasting Machine, M.M.(1994),Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[New Design High Quality Alminum Sandwich Panel High Pressure Laminate]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Big Dimension UHP Graphite Electrodes for Steel Making. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[99% Purity Serms Steroids Megestrol Acetate CAS 595-33-5]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),New Design Pet Product, Climbing Willow Cat Scratcher Tree. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Durable TPR Pet Molar Toy with Colorful Rope]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Full Automatic 100X120mm Hexagonal Gabion Woven Wire Mesh Knitting Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Machining Hardware Non-Standard Precision Mechanical Parts From China]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[12V Battery Power DC Mini Air Pump for Sphygmomanometer Dqb370-B]
Belt Conveyor Systmem for Fertilizer Production Line, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Nordberg C110 C125 C140 Jaw Crusher Spare Parts Fixed / Swing Jaw Plate.Commercial Inflatable Dry Slide for Kids, Animal Theme Kids Toys Fun City Slide, Factory Price Inflatable Bouncing Slide. USP/SP[Agriculture Hay Silage Wrapping Film]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Solar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Single and Multi Rope Wire Mine Hoist From China: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High-Speed Automatic Tri-Sealing Zipper Vertical Bag Making Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2019 Latest Design Home Textile 2100 Thread Count Microfiber Polyester Bed Linen]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Machinery Parts Aeroplane Engine CNC Milling]
New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Metal Hand Folding Machine 1.5mm Aluminum Sheet Manual Bending Machinery-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press]
New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Imirootree Wholesale Empty 100ml Amber Glass Cosmetic Jar]
New Technology Semi-Auto Pet Plastic Bottle Blow Molding Equipment Plant Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Electronic Circuit Board Supplier PCB Assembly, Part I.Femo Ferro Molybdenum Powder Lump 55/60. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Steel Pipe Rust Removal Shot Blasting Cleaning Machine]
8W IP65 Waterproof Ceiling Lighting Dimmable LED Down Light Fire Rated Downlight, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Round Panoramic Lift, Glass Observation Passenger Elevator.Painting Road Marking Vehicles Machine for Sale, 175-184[1.75mm Black Nano Spinel]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Buddhist Mood Picture Wallpaper Murals]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Outdoor Garden Furniture Baby Plastic Swing for SaleAuthor for correspondence