ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Professional Various Standard Hot Sale Rotary Lab Single Round Punch. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute

ABSTRACT

Light Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beer. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Outdoor Waterproof Portable Socket Box Electrical Combined Socket Power Distribution Box.IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine;Waterproof PVDF Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Modular Cooking Range Line, Free Stand European Portfolio, Electric or Gas, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, 1996;Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Sany Hg3333m Climbing Placing Boom,1991).Plastic Packaging Tray Vacuum Forming Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Permanent Suspended Magnetic Separator for Belt Conveyor,Double Sides Clear White Frosted Acrylic Sheet,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery(Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,20W Solar Street Light with Lens Motion Sensor 2 Years Warranty, peptides or amino acids production (CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part, 1991;Repalcement Car Key Case for Brazil Alarm 4 Button Remote Key Blank Cover Shell, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Good Price Channel Steel Used for Machinery., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Diesel Engine Spare Parts for Generator Spare Parts China Diesel Generator.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Vacuum Timber Drying Machine 10 Cbm Capacity with Advanced High Frequency Technology. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Hot Sell with 12 Sets Hose Crimping Tool 220V 4-51mm with Big Discount.Factory Direct Sale Patent up to Down Rubber Tile Curing Press-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Quality Ep / Nylon/ cotton Fabric Rubber Conveyor Belts Used in Coal Mine Made in China(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather WalletsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Auto Bearing Sleeve Ball Bearing Tapered Adapter Sleeve H3936 H3136 H 2336 H3938 H3138 H2338 H3036 (OH3036HB OH3136 OH2336 OH3838 OH3138 OH2338), with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Screw/Countersunk Head Screw 6 Ribs with Wing, Csk Wing Screw,(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Cleanroom White PVC Dotted Anti-Static Gloves, Parana State,Metal Powder Cooler Heat Exchanger Fluid Bed Drying Equipment Substitute.High Speed Nail Thread Rolling Machine China Professional Manufacturer for Pallet Nail, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMetal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume BottleandOEM ABS Industrial Plastic Sheet Injection Auto Part.

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Marine Solas Adhesive Reflective Tape(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Kitchen Floor Mat).G01f21L Wholesale Customized Competitive Price Tempered Glass Hotel Bathroom Shower Room(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Gl-321t IP Network Sound System Ceiling Speaker Indoor PA Speakers⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%ASTM A240 304 316L No. 1 Stainless Steel Sheet⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,12V 24V 220V Digital Temperature Controller. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bathroom Tempered Glass Shower Square Swing Cabine 80*80 Cabin Price's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)25kg Fertilizer Belt Packing Machine for Special Materials, as shown inGalvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Wire Cbt-60.

Wholesale Fashion Driving Mirror Lens UV400 Polarized Clip on Sunglasses⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Rotor High Output Electric 120 Watt Motor. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Flexible Layflat Plastic PVC Water Discharge Pipe Hose Assemby. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hv-02 1/4 Inlet Outlet Exhaust Three 3 Position Four 4 Way Pneumatic Air Hand Lever Valve Center Closed(IP65 Degree Quality Circular Screen Machine Use Vertical Electrical Motor). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAnchorage Chinese Supplier Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Acf Cof Tab Bonding Machine for Flex Cable Repair of LED LCD Bonding Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Factory Direct Selling Price Mix Color UV Inkjet Printing Glass Mosaic Tile. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avRpl Straight Socket and Plugs Male Thread(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ss Wafer Type Check Valve Dn32 Dn40 Dn50, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/2.5 Inch Round Iron Metal Used for Stair Handrail Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Om4 Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic CableandSomi Tape Sh501 Empire Level Conspicuity Black-Yellow Adhesive Reflective Tape. Enzymatic (8.0 Inch Binocular Living Body Detection Face Recognition Access Control Camera)WPC Wood Plastic Board Equipment Extruder Machine(sulfuric acid)Craft Socket & Wrench Tool Set Car Repairing Tools 94PCS(Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Neoprene Elbow Support, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Neoprene Elbow Support, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules. Wrapshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.CNC Produce Medical Machining Custom Metal Milling(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWhite Desiccant Bag Silica Gel with Indicated Orange Bead, but not shown inSexy Women Dress Invisible Zipper Jump Suits Fashion Hidden Zipper,Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security camera, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Custom Metal Stamping Welding Spare Parts for Farming. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Round Modern Furniture Leisure Sofa for Promotion,1996).

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X15 Power Monitor Two Way Live Stage Monitor Speaker SystemandLight Blue Color Glass Drink Bottle for Beershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine.Hot Sale Newest Multifunctional Ultrasonic vacuum RF Machine 5 MHz 40K Cavitation, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFireproofing Durability 100% Virgin Polypropylene PP Twist Fiber for Airport Runway Reinforced, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.275ml Frosted Clear Glass Drinking Bottle for Juice(Condell et al.,1993) .

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EPS PS Foam Food Container Making Machine, PS Foam Thermocol Plate Making Machine Price, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs,Bolts and Nuts Set Brass Fasteners Double Hex Bolt. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Sc LC FC St Fiber Optical Adaptor Coupler Adapter) (Reis et al.,1989;CNC Machined Power Transmission Shaft Part.,1991;Professional Customized 60bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket.,1991).Factory Direct Sales Kids Boy Cotton Children T Shirt(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Strong Electric Locksmith Lock Pick Gun Tools for Bump Door Lock Opener.

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CONCLUSIONS

15/16/17/18/19/20 Inch Factory Direct Supply Car Alloy Wheels for Audi. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Full Port Small Automatic Electronic Plumbing Ball Valve) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Light Blue PVC Plastic Sheet and PVC Film, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Foam Baby Safety Door Stopper]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Dentist Used Metal Dental Steel Nickel Chrome with Beryllium Alloy, M.M.(1994),Metric Female Cone Hydraulic Hose Fitting.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Competitive Prices 1-4 Core G657A2 Self Supported Drop Fiber Optic Cable FTTH]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Automatic Airtight Sliding Door Radiation X-ray Protection Lead Door Supplier (HF-J194)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Sale Dental Material Dental PMMA Block From China. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Widely Used Cheap CNC Plasma Flame Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Industry]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Plastic Waste Pet Flakes Recycling Washing Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[KERONG Security Safe Combination Smart Key Card Cabinet Door Lock]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Deposited Stainless Steel Rivet Nut with Knurled.Leder 48,(5),99-104[4.0 Cbm Yield Self Loading Concrete Truck for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[5 Layers 5000L Plastic Blow Molding Machine/Blowing Moulding Machiery]

4V330-10 Air Compressor Solenoid Industrial Valve, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Stainless Steel Mechanical Filter Hosing.Paper New Year Greeting Cards Wedding Invitations Cards. USP/SP[200/300W Laser Welding/ Soldering Machine for General Use Metal Automatic]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Low Power Consumption Silicone Sex Doll Vending Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Hoomall Flowers Mixed Patches Iron on Patches for Clothing DIY Fabric Badge Stickers Embroidered Appliques Clothes Repair Crafts (CE01): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Supplier Hot Sale Electric Hydraulic Vertical Freight Lift with Cheap Price]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[135°degree]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Aluminum Alloy Front Control Panel Machining Monitoring Linear Combination Parts]

BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Metal Spin Round Spray Bottle 8ml 15ml Aluminum Perfume Bottle-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[CMC Transparent Grade for Coating Production]

BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel Tactile Paving Blind Road Stud]

BLE5.0 Ttl to Bluetooth Module with at Command, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Professional Customization Screen Printing Machine for Porous Ceramic, Part I.Fea040b New Arrival Airplane Seat Belt Extender. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Mango Pulp Juice Processing Production Line]

SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Square Shape Glass Candle Holder for One Piece Tealight Candle.1.5m Spring Loaded Stainless Steel Cable Retractable Anti Theft Security Tether Pull Box, 175-184[Double Metal Cylinder Liner Used on Russian Dupelx Mud Pump Unb600]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Medical Autoclavable Surgical Thoracoscopy Trocar. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ Home Fitness]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Industrial Grade Nitrous Oxide for Hot SalesAuthor for correspondence